Nkuko twese tubizi, ibisobanuro bya semiconductor ni uko ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu hagati y’ibyuma byumye n’ibyuma bikingira umuriro, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ibintu hagati y’icyuma n’ibyuma bikingira umuriro, ubusanzwe ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba buri hagati ya 1mΩ-cm ~ 1GΩ-cm. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, uburyo bwo gutwikira ibintu mu buryo bwa vacuum semiconductor mu bigo bikomeye bya semiconductor, biragaragara ko urwego rwayo ruri hejuru cyane, cyane cyane mu buryo bunini bwo gukora ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bihindura amashanyarazi, ibikoresho bitanga urumuri n’ibindi bikorwa byo guteza imbere. Uburyo bwo gutwikira ibintu mu buryo bwa vacuum semiconductor bufite uruhare runini.
Semiconductors zirangwa n'imiterere yazo bwite, ubushyuhe n'ubwinshi bw'umwanda. Ibikoresho byo gusiga irangi bya vacuum semiconductor bitandukanywa ahanini n'ibibigize. Hafi byose bishingiye kuri boron, karuboni, silikoni, germanium, arsenic, antimoni, tellurium, iyode, nibindi, hamwe na GaP nke, GaAs, lnSb, nibindi. Hariho kandi bimwe muri semiconductors za oxyde, nka FeO, Fe₂O₃, MnO, Cr₂O₃, Cu₂O, nibindi.
Gushonga mu buryo bw'umwuka, gusiga irangi ry'amazi, gusiga irangi ry'ayoni n'ibindi bikoresho bishobora gukora irangi ry'ayoni rikoresha umwuka. Ibi bikoresho byo gusiga byose biratandukanye mu mikorere yabyo, ariko byose bikora irangi ry'ibintu bya semiconductor rishyirwa ku butaka, kandi nk'ibikoresho bya substrate, nta gisabwa, bishobora kuba semiconductor cyangwa bitaba. Byongeye kandi, irangi rifite imiterere itandukanye y'amashanyarazi n'iy'urumuri rishobora gutegurwa hakoreshejwe ikwirakwizwa ry'umwanda no gushyirwaho ayoni ku buso bw'ubutaka bwa semiconductor mu buryo butandukanye. Urwego rworoshye rushobora kandi gutunganywa nk'irangi ry'ayoni muri rusange.
Gusiga irangi rya semiconductor mu buryo bw'umwuka ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, byaba ku bikoresho bikora cyangwa bidakora. Bitewe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga irangi rya semiconductor mu buryo bw'umwuka, kugenzura neza imikorere ya filime byarashobotse.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, irangi ridafite isura n'irangi rya polycrystalline byateye imbere cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bitanga urumuri, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, n'uturemangingo tw'izuba dukora neza cyane. Byongeye kandi, kubera iterambere rya irangi rya vacuum semiconductor hamwe na filimi ntoya y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, binagabanya cyane ingorane zo guhitamo ibikoresho kandi bigatuma inzira yo kubikora yoroha buhoro buhoro. Ibikoresho byo gusiga irangi rya vacuum semiconductor byabaye ngombwa mu bikorwa bya semiconductor. Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu gusiga irangi rya semiconductor ry'ibikoresho bya kamera, uturemangingo tw'izuba, transistors zikonjesha, irangi rya cathode, irangi rya electron, ibintu byo gupima firime ntoya, nibindi.
Umurongo wo gutwikira magnetron wakozwe ufite sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora, uburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye bwo gukoraho ecran y'umuntu n'imashini. Umurongo wakozwe ufite menu yuzuye y'imikorere kugira ngo ugenzure neza uko ibikorwa bihagaze ku bice byose by'umurongo wo gukora, imiterere y'ibipimo by'imikorere, uburinzi bw'imikorere n'imikorere y'itangazo. Sisitemu yose yo kugenzura amashanyarazi ni nziza, yizewe kandi ihamye. Ifite intego yo hejuru no hepfo ya magnetron yo gutwikira cyangwa sisitemu yo gutwikira impande imwe.
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane cyane ku mbaho za ceramic circuit, capacitors za chip-high-voltage n'izindi substrate coating, ahantu hakoreshwa cyane ni imbaho za electronic circuit.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-07-2022