Momwe ntchito ikuyendera panopa pa vacuum semiconductor coverage

Monga tonse tikudziwira, tanthauzo la semiconductor ndilakuti lili ndi conductivity pakati pa ma conductor ouma ndi ma insulators, resistivity pakati pa chitsulo ndi insulator, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala kutentha kwa chipinda ili mkati mwa 1mΩ-cm ~ 1GΩ-cm. M'zaka zaposachedwa, vacuum semiconductor coverage m'makampani akuluakulu a semiconductor, zikuwonekeratu kuti udindo wake ukukwera kwambiri, makamaka m'njira zina zazikulu zofufuzira zaukadaulo wamakina ophatikizira makina opangira magetsi kuti azitha kusintha maginitoelectric, zida zotulutsa kuwala ndi ntchito zina zopanga. Vacuum semiconductor coverage ili ndi gawo lofunika.

Ma semiconductor amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe awo amkati, kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa kusayera. Zipangizo zokutira za vacuum semiconductor zimasiyanitsidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zomwe zimapanga. Pafupifupi zonse zimachokera ku boron, carbon, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, ayodini, ndi zina zotero, ndipo zina zochepa ndi GaP, GaAs, lnSb, ndi zina zotero. Palinso ma oxide semiconductors ena, monga FeO, Fe₂O₃, MnO, Cr₂O₃, Cu₂O, ndi zina zotero.

Kutulutsa mpweya m'malo otayira mpweya, kuphimba kotulutsa mpweya, kuphimba ma ion ndi zida zina zimatha kuphimba ma ion a vacuum. Zipangizozi zimasiyana malinga ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito, koma zonse zimapanga zinthu za semiconductor zomwe zimayikidwa pa substrate, ndipo monga zinthu za substrate, palibe chifukwa, zitha kukhala semiconductor kapena ayi. Kuphatikiza apo, zophimba zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi ndi kuwala zimatha kukonzedwa ndi kufalikira kwa zinthu zodetsedwa komanso kuyika ma ion pamwamba pa substrate ya semiconductor pamtunda wosiyana. Gawo lochepa lomwe limatsatira lingathenso kukonzedwa ngati chophimba cha semiconductor nthawi zambiri.

Chophimba cha vacuum semiconductor ndi chofunikira kwambiri mu zamagetsi kaya ndi cha zipangizo zogwira ntchito kapena zosagwira ntchito. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa chophimba cha vacuum semiconductor, kuwongolera bwino momwe filimu imagwirira ntchito kwakhala kotheka.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, zokutira zopanda mawonekedwe ndi zokutira za polycrystalline zapita patsogolo kwambiri popanga zipangizo zowongolera kuwala, machubu okhala ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito, komanso maselo a dzuwa ogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha chitukuko cha zokutira za vacuum semiconductor ndi filimu yopyapyala ya masensa, zomwe zimachepetsanso kwambiri zovuta zosankha zinthu ndikupangitsa kuti njira yopangira ikhale yosavuta pang'onopang'ono. Zipangizo zokutira za vacuum semiconductor zakhala zofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito semiconductor. Zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuphimba makamera, maselo a dzuwa, ma transistors okhala ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito, kutulutsa kwa magetsi, kuwala kwa cathode, kutulutsa kwa ma elekitironi, zinthu zowunikira filimu yopyapyala, ndi zina zotero.

Chingwe cholumikizira maginito chimapangidwa ndi makina owongolera okha, mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pazenera logwira ntchito la anthu ndi makina. Chingwecho chimapangidwa ndi menyu yonse yogwirira ntchito kuti chikwaniritse kuyang'anira kwathunthu momwe ntchito ikuyendera pazinthu zonse zopangira, kukhazikitsa magawo a njira, chitetezo cha ntchito ndi ntchito za alamu. Dongosolo lonse lowongolera magetsi ndi lotetezeka, lodalirika komanso lokhazikika. Lili ndi cholinga cha maginito cholumikizira maginito cha mbali ziwiri kapena cha mbali imodzi.

Zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa matabwa a ceramic circuit, ma chip high-voltage capacitors ndi zina zophimba pansi, madera akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito ndi matabwa a electronic circuit.