Ukuthola i-vacuum kwaziwa nangokuthi “ukupompa i-vacuum”, okubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwamaphampu e-vacuum ahlukene ukususa umoya ngaphakathi kwesitsha, ukuze ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwesikhala yehle iye ngaphansi komkhathi owodwa. Njengamanje, ukuze kutholakale i-vacuum namadivayisi asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka phakathi amaphampu e-rotary vane mechanical vacuum, amaphampu e-Roots, amaphampu okusabalalisa uwoyela, amaphampu ama-molecule ahlanganisiwe, amaphampu okufaka i-molecular sieve, amaphampu e-titanium sublimation, amaphampu e-sputtering ion kanye namaphampu e-cryogenic njalo njalo. Kula maphampu, amaphampu amane okuqala ahlukaniswa njengamaphampu okudlulisa igesi (amaphampu e-vacuum okudlulisa), okusho ukuthi ama-molecule egesi adonswa njalo ephampini ye-vacuum futhi akhishwe endaweni yangaphandle ukuze kufezwe ukuphuma; amaphampu amane okugcina ahlukaniswa njengamaphampu okuthatha igesi (amaphampu e-vacuum okuthatha), ahlanganiswe ngama-molecule noma aboshwe ngamakhemikhali odongeni lwangaphakathi lwegumbi lokupompa ukuze kutholakale i-vacuum edingekayo. Amaphampu okuthatha igesi abizwa nangokuthi amaphampu e-vacuum angenawo uwoyela ngoba awasebenzisi uwoyela njengendawo yokusebenza. Ngokungafani namaphampu okudlulisa, asusa igesi unomphela, amanye amaphampu okubamba ayaguqulwa, okuvumela igesi eqoqwe noma ehlanganisiwe ukuthi ikhishwe ibuyele ohlelweni ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa.
Amaphampu e-vacuum okudlulisa ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukudluliselwa kwe-volumetric kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-momentum. Amaphampu okudlulisa i-volumetric avame ukufaka amaphampu e-rotary vane mechanical, amaphampu e-liquid ring, amaphampu okubuyisela kanye namaphampu e-Roots; amaphampu e-vacuum okudlulisa i-momentum avame ukufaka amaphampu e-molecular, amaphampu e-jet, amaphampu okusabalalisa uwoyela. Amaphampu e-vacuum okuthatha i-Capture avame ukufaka amaphampu e-adsorption anokushisa okuphansi kanye namaphampu e-ion aqhumayo.
Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokumboza ihlukile, i-vacuum yegumbi lokumboza i-vacuum kufanele ifinyelele amazinga ahlukene, futhi kubuchwepheshe be-vacuum, i-vacuum yangemuva (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-vacuum yangaphakathi) ukuveza izinga layo. I-vacuum yangemuva ibhekisela ku-vacuum yegumbi lokumboza i-vacuum ngephampu ye-vacuum ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo yokumboza ye-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu, kanye nosayizi walesi si-vacuum, okuncike kakhulu kumthamo wokumpompa i-vacuum. Igumbi lokumboza i-vacuum ngohlelo lwayo lwe-vacuum i-vacuum ingafinyelela i-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-vacuum elinganiselwe (noma ingcindezi yomkhawulo). Ithebula 1-2 libala ububanzi bokucindezela kokusebenza kwamanye amaphampu e-vacuum avamile kanye nengcindezi yokugcina engatholakala. Izingxenye ezinombala zetafula zimelela ingcindezi engatholakala yiphampu ngayinye ye-vacuum uma isetshenziswa kanye neminye imishini.
–Lesi sihloko sikhishwe yi-umenzi womshini wokumboza nge-vacuumI-Guangdong Zhenhua
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-30-2024