Kupeza vacuum kumadziwikanso kuti "vacuum pumping", zomwe zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu osiyanasiyana a vacuum kuchotsa mpweya mkati mwa chidebe, kotero kuti kuthamanga mkati mwa malo kumatsika kufika pansi pa mlengalenga umodzi. Pakadali pano, kuti tipeze vacuum ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphatikiza ma rotary vane mechanical vacuum pumps, Roots pumps, oil diffusion pumps, composite molecular pumps, molecular sieve adsorption pumps, titanium sublimation pumps, sputtering ion pumps ndi cryogenic pumps ndi zina zotero. Mu mapampu awa, mapampu anayi oyamba amagawidwa m'magulu a ma pumps osamutsa gasi (transfer vacuum pumps), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mamolekyu a gasi amalowetsedwa nthawi zonse mu vacuum pump ndikutulutsidwa ku malo akunja kuti atuluke; mapampu anayi omaliza amagawidwa m'magulu a ma pumps othamangitsira gasi (capture vacuum pumps), omwe amamangiriridwa ndi ma molecularly kapena omangiriridwa ndi mankhwala pakhoma lamkati la chipinda chothamangitsira kuti apeze vacuum yofunikira. Mapampu othamangitsira gasi amatchedwanso ma pumps othamangitsira opanda mafuta chifukwa sagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati chogwirira ntchito. Mosiyana ndi mapampu osamutsira mpweya, omwe amachotsa mpweya kwamuyaya, mapampu ena ogwirira ntchito amatha kusinthidwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mpweya wosonkhanitsidwa kapena wophwanyidwa ubwererenso mu dongosolo panthawi yotenthetsera.
Mapampu osinthira mpweya amagawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: volumetric ndi momentum transfer. Mapampu osinthira mpweya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma rotary vane mechanical pumps, liquid ring pumps, reciprocating pumps ndi Roots pumps; ma momentum transfer vacuum pumps nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma molecular pumps, jet pumps, oil diffusion pumps. Mapampu osinthira mpweya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma adsorption otsika kutentha ndi ma ion sputtering pumps.
Kawirikawiri, njira yophikira ndi yosiyana, vacuum yophimba chipinda cha vacuum iyenera kufika pamlingo wosiyana, ndipo muukadaulo wa vacuum, imagwiritsa ntchito vacuum yakumbuyo (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti vacuum yamkati) kuti iwonetse mulingo wake. Vacuum yakumbuyo imatanthauza vacuum ya chipinda cha vacuum yophikira kudzera mu pampu ya vacuum kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za njira yophikira ya vacuum yapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwa vacuum iyi, makamaka kumadalira mphamvu ya vacuum. Chipinda chophikira vacuum ndi dongosolo lake la vacuum vacuum vacuum imatha kufika pa vacuum yapamwamba kwambiri imatchedwa vacuum yocheperako (kapena kupanikizika kocheperako). Gome 1-2 limalemba kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa ntchito kwa mapampu ena wamba a vacuum ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu komwe kungapezeke. Magawo okhala ndi mthunzi patebulo akuyimira kupsinjika komwe kungapezeke ndi pampu iliyonse ya vacuum ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina.
– Nkhaniyi yatulutsidwa ndiwopanga makina ophikira vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-30-2024