ʻIke ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka vacuum ʻo "vacuum pumping", ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pamu vacuum like ʻole e wehe i ka ea i loko o ka pahu, i hāʻule ai ke kaomi i loko o ka hakahaka ma lalo o hoʻokahi lewa. I kēia manawa, i mea e loaʻa ai ka vacuum a me nā mea hana maʻamau e like me nā pamu vacuum mechanical rotary vane, nā pamu Roots, nā pamu diffusion oil, nā pamu molekala composite, nā pamu adsorption sieve molekala, nā pamu sublimation titanium, nā pamu ion sputtering a me nā pamu cryogenic a pēlā aku. I loko o kēia mau pamu, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pamu ʻehā mua he mau pamu hoʻoili kinoea (nā pamu vacuum hoʻoili), ʻo ia hoʻi, ua omo mau ʻia nā molekala kinoea i loko o ka pamu vacuum a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ke kaiapuni waho e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana; ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pamu ʻehā hope loa he mau pamu hopu kinoea (nā pamu vacuum hopu), i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha ma ka paia o loko o ke keʻena pumping e loaʻa ai ka vacuum e pono ai. Ua kapa ʻia nā pamu hopu kinoea he mau pamu vacuum ʻole ʻaila no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana i ka ʻaila ma ke ʻano he mea hana. ʻAʻole like me nā pamu hoʻoili, kahi e wehe mau ai i ke kinoea, hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia kekahi mau pamu hopu, e ʻae ana i ke kinoea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻokuʻu hou ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomehana.
Ua māhele ʻia nā pamu vacuum hoʻoili i ʻelua mau māhele nui: volumetric a me ka momentum transfer. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā pamu hoʻoili volumetric e komo pū me nā pamu mechanical rotary vane, nā pamu apo wai, nā pamu reciprocating a me nā pamu Roots; ʻo ka maʻamau, ʻo nā pamu vacuum hoʻoili momentum e komo pū me nā pamu molekala, nā pamu jet, nā pamu hoʻolaha ʻaila. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā pamu vacuum hopu e komo pū me ka adsorption haʻahaʻa a me nā pamu ion sputtering.
Ma keʻano laulā, ʻokoʻa ke kaʻina hana uhi ʻana, pono e hōʻea ka vacuum o ke keʻena uhi hakahaka i nā pae like ʻole, a ma ka ʻenehana vacuum, ʻoi aku ka vacuum hope (ʻike ʻia hoʻi he vacuum intrinsic) e hōʻike i kona pae. ʻO ka vacuum hope e pili ana i ka vacuum o ke keʻena uhi hakahaka ma o ka pamu vacuum e hoʻokō i nā pono o ke kaʻina hana uhi o ka vacuum kiʻekiʻe loa, a ʻo ka nui o kēia vacuum, hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka hiki ke hoʻopume vacuum. ʻO ka lumi uhi hakahaka ma o kāna ʻōnaehana vacuum hiki i ka vacuum ke hōʻea i ka vacuum kiʻekiʻe loa i kapa ʻia ʻo ka vacuum palena (a i ʻole ke kaomi palena). Hōʻike ka Papa 1-2 i ka laulā kaomi hana o kekahi mau pamu vacuum maʻamau a me ke kaomi hope loa hiki ke loaʻa. Hōʻike nā ʻāpana i hoʻoluʻu ʻia o ka papa i nā kaomi hiki ke loaʻa e kēlā me kēia pamu vacuum ke hoʻohana ʻia me nā lako ʻē aʻe.
–Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia ʻatikala emea hana mīkini uhi hakahakaGuangdong Zhenhua
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-30-2024