Ukufunyanwa kwe-vacuum kukwaziwa ngokuba yi-"vacuum pumping", okubhekiselele ekusebenziseni iipompo ezahlukeneyo ze-vacuum ukususa umoya ngaphakathi kwisikhongozeli, ukuze uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwindawo luyehla luye ngaphantsi komoya omnye. Okwangoku, ukuze kufunyanwe i-vacuum kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kuquka iipompo ze-vacuum ezijikelezayo, iipompo zeRoots, iipompo ze-oil diffusion, iipompo ze-molecular ezihlanganisiweyo, iipompo ze-molecular sieve adsorption, iipompo ze-titanium sublimation, iipompo ze-ion ezitshizayo kunye neepompo ze-cryogenic njalo njalo. Kwezi pump, iipompo zokuqala ezine zihlelwa njengeepompo zokudlulisa igesi (iipompo ze-vacuum zokudlulisa), oko kuthetha ukuba iimolekyuli zegesi zihlala zifunxwa kwipompo ye-vacuum kwaye zikhutshelwa kwindawo yangaphandle ukuze kuphume umoya; iipompo ezine zokugqibela zihlelwa njengeepompo zokubamba igesi (iipompo ze-vacuum zokuthatha), ezidityaniswe ngokwemolekyuli okanye ezibotshelelwe ngeekhemikhali eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwegumbi lokumpompa ukuze kufunyanwe i-vacuum efunekayo. Iipompo zokubamba igesi zikwabizwa ngokuba ziipompo ze-vacuum ezingenaoyile kuba azisebenzisi ioyile njengendawo yokusebenza. Ngokungafaniyo neempompo zokudlulisa, ezisusa igesi ngokusisigxina, ezinye iimpompo zokubamba zinokuguqulwa, zivumela igesi eqokelelweyo okanye edityanisiweyo ukuba ibuyiselwe kwinkqubo ngexesha lenkqubo yokufudumeza.
Iimpompo zevacuum zokudlulisa zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: i-volumetric kunye ne-momentum transfer. Iimpompo ze-volumetric zokudlulisa zihlala ziquka iimpompo ze-rotary vane mechanical, iimpompo ze-liquid ring, iimpompo ze-reciprocating kunye nee-Roots pumps; iimpompo ze-momentum transfer vacuum zihlala ziquka iimpompo ze-molecular, iimpompo ze-jet, iimpompo ze-oyile diffusion. Iimpompo ze-Capture vacuum zihlala ziquka i-adsorption yobushushu obuphantsi kunye neempompo ze-ion ezitshizayo.
Ngokubanzi, inkqubo yokugquma yahlukile, i-vacuum yegumbi lokugquma i-vacuum kufuneka ifikelele kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kwaye kwiteknoloji ye-vacuum, ngakumbi kwi-vacuum yangasemva (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-vacuum yangaphakathi) ukuveza inqanaba layo. I-vacuum yangasemva ibhekisa kwi-vacuum yegumbi lokugquma i-vacuum ngepompo ye-vacuum ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo yokugquma ye-vacuum ephezulu, kwaye ubungakanani bale vacuum, buxhomekeke kakhulu kumthamo wokugquma i-vacuum. Igumbi lokugquma i-vacuum ngenkqubo yalo ye-vacuum i-vacuum inokufikelela kwi-vacuum ephezulu ibizwa ngokuba yi-vacuum enomda (okanye uxinzelelo olulinganiselweyo). Itheyibhile 1-2 idwelisa uluhlu loxinzelelo lokusebenza lwezinye iipompo ze-vacuum eziqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lokugqibela olunokufumaneka. Iindawo ezinombala zetafile zimele uxinzelelo olunokufumaneka yipompo nganye ye-vacuum xa isetyenziswa kunye nezinye izixhobo.
–Eli nqaku likhutshwe nguumenzi womatshini wokugquma nge-vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-30-2024