Ukufunxa ivacuum kukwakwaziwa “njengokumpompa ngevacuum”, okubhekiselele ekusetyenzisweni kweempompo zesifunxa ezahlukeneyo ukususa umoya ngaphakathi kwesikhongozeli, ukuze uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwisithuba lwehle luye ngaphantsi kwe-atmosfera enye. Okwangoku, ukuze ufumane i-vacuum kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ezibandakanya iimpompo ze-rotary vane mechanical vacuum, iimpompo ze-Roots, iimpompo zokusasazwa kweoyile, iimpompo ze-molecular composite, iimpompo ze-molecular sieve adsorption, iimpompo ze-titanium sublimation, iimpompo ze-ion zokutshiza kunye neepompo ze-cryogenic njalo njalo. Kule mipompo, iimpompo ezine zokuqala zihlelwe njengeempompo zokudlulisa igesi (iimpompo ze-vacuum zokutshintshela), oku kuthetha ukuba iimolekyuli zegesi ziqhubeka zifunxa kwimpompo yokucoca kwaye zikhutshwe kwindawo yangaphandle ukuze ziqonde ukukhutshwa; iimpompo ezine zokugqibela zihlelwe njengeempompo zokubamba igesi (iimpompo ze-vacuum ze-capture), ezifakwe kwi-molecularly condensed okanye i-chemically bounded kudonga lwangaphakathi lwegumbi lokumpompa ukufumana i-vacuum efunekayo. Iimpompo zokubamba igesi zikwabizwa ngokuba ziimpompo ze-oyile ezingenayo i-oyile ngenxa yokuba azisebenzisi ioyile njengendawo yokusebenza. Ngokungafani neepompo zokudlulisa, ezisusa ngokusisigxina igesi, ezinye iipompo zokubamba zibuyiselwa umva, zivumela igesi eqokelelweyo okanye edibeneyo ukuba ikhutshwe kwakhona kwinkqubo ngexesha lokufudumala.
Iimpompo ze-vacuum zokudlulisa zihlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: i-volumetric kunye nokudluliselwa kwesantya. Iimpompo zokudlulisa iVolumetric zihlala zibandakanya iimpompo ze-rotary vane mechanical, iimpompo zeringi zolwelo, iimpompo eziphindaphindanayo kunye neepompo zeRoots; iimpompo zevacuum zokudlulisa umfutho zihlala zibandakanya iimpompo zemolekyuli, iimpompo zejethi, iimpompo zokusasaza ioyile. Iimpompo ze-vacuum zokuthatha zihlala zibandakanya i-adsorption yobushushu obuphantsi kunye neepompo ze-ion ze-sputtering.
Ngokubanzi, inkqubo yokugquma yahlukile, i-vacuum yegumbi lokuhlambela kufuneka ifikelele kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kwaye kwitekhnoloji ye-vacuum, ngakumbi kwi-vacuum yangasemva (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-intrinsic vacuum) ukuvakalisa inqanaba layo. I-vacuum yangasemva ibhekiselele kwi-vacuum ye-vacuum yokugquma i-vacuum ngempompo yokucoca ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo yokugquma kweyona vacuum ephezulu, kunye nobukhulu beli vacuum, ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kumthamo wokumpompa. Igumbi lokugquma ngesingxobo sevacuum linokufikelela kweyona vacuum iphezulu ibizwa ngokuba yivacuum emiselweyo (okanye icuthe uxinzelelo). Itheyibhile 1-2 idwelisa uluhlu lwengcinezelo yokusebenza kwezinye iimpompo ze-vacuum eziqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lokugqibela olunokufumaneka. Amacandelo anomthunzi wetheyibhile amele uxinzelelo olunokuthi lufunyanwe yimpompo nganye ye-vacuum xa isetyenziswe ngokudibanisa nezinye izixhobo.
–Eli nqaku likhutshwa nguumenzi womatshini wokugqumaGuangdong Zhenhua
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-30-2024