Kupeza vacuum kumadziwikanso kuti "vacuum pumping", kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu osiyanasiyana ochotsa mpweya mkati mwa chidebecho, kuti kupanikizika mkati mwa danga kugwere pansi pa mlengalenga umodzi. Pakalipano, kuti muthe kupeza vacuum ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphatikiza mapampu a rotary vane mechanical vacuum, mapampu amizu, mapampu ophatikizira mafuta, mapampu amtundu wa molekyulu, mapampu a sieve adsorption, mapampu a titanium sublimation, mapampu a sputtering ion ndi mapampu a cryogenic ndi zina zotero. M'mapampu awa, mapampu anayi oyambirira amagawidwa ngati mapampu otumizira mpweya (mapampu otulutsa mpweya), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mamolekyu a gasi amalowetsedwa mosalekeza mu mpope wa vacuum ndikutulutsidwa kumalo akunja kuti azindikire kutuluka; mapampu anayi omalizira amagawidwa ngati mapampu ogwidwa ndi gasi (mapampu a capture vacuum), omwe amapangidwa ndi molecularly condensed kapena kumangirizidwa ndi mankhwala pakhoma lamkati la chipinda chopopera kuti apeze vacuum yofunikira. Mapampu otengera gasi amatchedwanso mapampu opanda vacuum opanda mafuta chifukwa sagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati njira yogwirira ntchito. Mosiyana ndi mapampu osamutsira, omwe amachotsa gasi kwamuyaya, mapampu ena amatha kusinthidwa, zomwe zimalola kuti gasi wosonkhanitsidwa kapena wowumitsidwa kuti atulutsidwenso mudongosolo pakuwotcha.
Mapampu otulutsa vacuum amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: volumetric ndi momentum transfer. Mapampu otengera ma volumetric nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mapampu ozungulira, mapampu a mphete amadzimadzi, mapampu obwerezabwereza ndi mapampu a Mizu; mapampu otulutsa mpweya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mapampu a ma molekyulu, mapampu a jet, mapampu otulutsa mafuta. Mapampu a Capture vacuum nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma adsorption otentha kwambiri komanso mapampu a sputtering ion.
Nthawi zambiri, ❖ kuyanika ndi osiyana, zingalowe ❖ kuyanika chipinda vacuum ayenera kufika misinkhu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo mu teknoloji vakuyumu, kwambiri ndi lakumbuyo vacuum (wotchedwanso intrinsic vacuum) kufotokoza mlingo wake. Vacuum yakumbuyo imatanthawuza kutsekera kwa chipinda chotchingira chotsekera kudzera papampu ya vacuum kuti ikwaniritse zofunika pakuyalira kwa vacuum yapamwamba kwambiri, komanso kukula kwa vacuum iyi, makamaka kutengera mphamvu yakupopa kwa vacuum. Vacuum ❖ kuyanika chipinda ndi zingalowe ake dongosolo zingalowe angafikire apamwamba zingalowe amatchedwa malire vacuum (kapena kuchepetsa kuthamanga). Table 1-2 imatchula kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zogwirira ntchito za mapampu ena opumulira komanso kukakamiza komaliza komwe kungapezeke. Magawo amithunzi a tebulo amayimira zovuta zomwe zingapezeke ndi pampu iliyonse ya vacuum ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zipangizo zina.
-Nkhaniyi yatulutsidwa ndiwopanga makina opangira vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-30-2024