Kwinjiza tekinoroji ya vacuum

Gushyushya umwuka

(1) Kurwanya ubushyuhe buguruka
Ubushyuhe bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe nuburyo bworoshye kandi bukoreshwa cyane mubushuhe, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubikoresho byo gutwikisha hamwe no gushonga munsi ya 1500 ℃, ibyuma byo gushonga hejuru muburyo bwinsinga cyangwa urupapuro (W, Mo, Ti, Ta, nitride ya boron, nibindi) mubusanzwe bikozwe muburyo bukwiye buturuka kumyuka, byuzuyemo ibintu byuka biva mumashanyarazi, bigashiramo ibikoresho bya moteri ya moteri kugirango ibashe gushonga, guhumeka. Imirongo myinshi-spiral, U-shusho, sine wave, isahani yoroheje, ubwato, agaseke ka cone, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, uburyo busaba ibikoresho bituruka kumyuka kugirango bigire aho bishonga cyane, umuvuduko ukabije wumuyaga wumuyaga, imiti itajegajega, udafite reaction yimiti hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ubushyuhe buke, imbaraga za firime hamwe nubushyuhe bwa firime. ingirakamaro ikozwe muri grafite hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwokwirinda ibyuma bya oxyde (nka A202, B0) nibindi bikoresho byo gushyushya butaziguye kugirango bishire.
Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka bifite aho bigarukira: ibyuma bitavunika bifite umuvuduko muke wumuyaga, bigoye gukora firime yoroheje; ibintu bimwe byoroshye gukora umusemburo hamwe ninsinga zishyushya; ntabwo byoroshye kubona ibice bimwe bya firime ya alloy. Kubera imiterere yoroshye, igiciro gito nigikorwa cyoroshye cyo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka, ni uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo guhumeka.

(2) Imashanyarazi ya elegitoronike
Impumuro ya elegitoronike ni uburyo bwo guhumeka ibikoresho byo gutwikisha ibisasu ukoresheje ingufu za elegitoronike zifite ingufu nyinshi ubishyira mu muringa ukonje w’amazi. Inkomoko yo guhumeka igizwe nisoko yohereza ibyuka bya elegitoronike, isoko yihuta ya elegitoronike, imbaraga zingenzi (mubisanzwe umuringa wabumbwe), agapira ka magnetiki, hamwe namazi akonje, nibindi. Muri iki gikoresho, ibikoresho bishyushye bishyirwa mubintu bikonjesha amazi, kandi ibisasu bya elegitoronike bisasu igice gito cyibikoresho, mugihe ibyinshi mubisigaye bigumaho nkubushyuhe buke munsi yubukonje, ingirakamaro. Rero, uburyo bwo gushyushya imashanyarazi ya elegitoronike yo guhumeka bishobora kwirinda kwanduza ibintu bitwikiriye hamwe n’ibikoresho biva mu kirere.
Imiterere yinkomoko ya elegitoroniki yumuriro irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: imbunda igororotse (imbunda ya Boules), imbunda zimpeta (zashizwe mumashanyarazi) na e-mbunda (magnetique). Ikintu kimwe cyangwa byinshi byingenzi bishobora gushyirwa mumashanyarazi, bishobora guhumeka no kubitsa ibintu byinshi icyarimwe cyangwa bitandukanye.

Amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki yamashanyarazi afite ibyiza bikurikira.
DensityUbucucike bwinshi bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki y’ibisasu biva mu kirere bishobora kubona ingufu nyinshi cyane kuruta isoko yo gushyushya ibintu, ishobora guhumeka ibikoresho byo hejuru bishonga, nka W, Mo, Al2O3, nibindi ..
MaterialIbikoresho byo gutwikira bishyirwa mu muringa ukonjeshejwe n'umuringa ukonje, ushobora kwirinda guhumuka kw'ibikoresho biva mu kirere, hamwe n'ibisubizo hagati yabo.
EUbushyuhe burashobora kongerwamo neza hejuru yububiko bwibikoresho, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwumuriro buri hejuru no gutakaza ubushyuhe bwumuriro nubushyuhe buke.
Ikibi cyuburyo bwa elegitoronike yo gushyushya ibyuka ni uko electron zambere ziva mu mbunda ya electron na electroni ya kabiri zivuye hejuru yibikoresho bitwikiriye bizahindura ioni za atome zigenda ziyongera hamwe na molekile ya gaze isigaye, ibyo bizagira ingaruka kumiterere ya firime rimwe na rimwe.

(3) Umuvuduko mwinshi wa induction gushyushya umwuka
Impinduka zumuriro mwinshi cyane ni ugushira ingirakamaro hamwe nibikoresho byo gutwikiriye hagati ya coil ya spirale nini cyane, kugirango ibikoresho bitwikiriye bibyara imbaraga zikomeye za eddy hamwe na hystereze munsi yinjizwamo umurima wa electromagnetic yumuriro mwinshi, bigatuma firime ya firime ishyuha kugeza igihe izimye. Inkomoko yo guhumeka muri rusange igizwe na coil ikonjesha amazi menshi hamwe na grafite cyangwa ceramic (oxyde ya magnesium, oxyde ya aluminium, oxyde ya boron, nibindi) ikomeye. Amashanyarazi maremare menshi akoresha inshuro ibihumbi icumi kugeza ku bihumbi magana Hz, ingufu zinjiza ni kilowat nyinshi kugeza kuri magana, uko ingano y'ibikoresho bya membrane, niko inshuro nyinshi yinjira. Induction coil inshuro nyinshi ikozwe mumazi akonje y'amazi.
Ingaruka zuburyo bwinshi bwo kwinjiza ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka ni uko bitoroshye guhindura neza imbaraga zinjiza, bifite ibyiza bikurikira.
Rate Igipimo kinini cyo guhumeka
TemperatureUbushyuhe buturuka kumyuka ni kimwe kandi gihamye, ntabwo rero byoroshye kubyara ibintu byo gutwika ibitonyanga, kandi birashobora no kwirinda ibintu bya pinholes kuri firime yabitswe.
Inkomoko yo guhumeka yapimwe rimwe, kandi ubushyuhe buroroshye kandi bworoshye kugenzura.