Te kaupapa o te paninga mimiti korehau
1, Ngā taputapu me te tukanga ā-tinana o te paninga mimiti korehau
Ko ngā taputapu paninga mimiti korehau he mea hanga nui mai i te rūma mimiti me te pūnaha whakawātea. I roto i te rūma mimiti, kei reira te pūtake mimiti (arā, te whakamahana mimiti), te papa me te anga papa, te whakamahana papa, te pūnaha whakaputa hau, me ētahi atu.
Ka whakatakotoria te rauemi paninga ki roto i te pūtake mimiti o te rūma korehau, ā, i raro i ngā āhuatanga mimiti teitei, ka whakamahanahia e te pūtake mimiti kia mimiti. Ina nui ake te whānuitanga noa o ngā ngota kohu i te rahi rārangi o te rūma korehau, i muri i te mawhiti o ngā ngota me ngā ngota o te kohu kiriata mai i te mata o te pūtake mimiti, kāore i te maha ngā wā ka āraia e te tukinga o ētahi atu ngota, ngā ngota rānei, ka tae tika atu ki te mata o te papa hei paninga. Nā te iti o te pāmahana o te papa, ka whakatōtō ngā matūriki kohu kiriata ki runga, ka hanga he kiriata.
Hei whakapai ake i te piri o ngā ngota mimiti me te papa, ka taea te whakahohe i te papa mā te whakamahana tika, mā te horoi katote rānei. Ka haere te paninga mimiti korehau mā roto i ngā tukanga ā-tinana e whai ake nei mai i te mimiti rauemi, te kawe ki te whakatakotoranga ki roto i te kiriata.
(1) Mā te whakamahi i ngā momo huarahi hei huri i ētahi atu momo pūngao hei pūngao wera, ka whakamahanahia te rauemi kiriata kia mimiti, kia memeha rānei hei matūriki hau (ngota, ngota ngota, tautau ngota rānei) me te nui o te pūngao (0.1 ki te 0.3 eV).
(2) Ka wehe atu ngā matūriki hau i te mata o te kiriata, ka haria ki te mata o te papa i tētahi tere nekehanga, me te kore e tukinga, i roto i tētahi rārangi tika.
(3) Ka honoa ngā matūriki hau e tae atu ana ki te mata o te papa, ka piri tahi, kātahi ka tipu hei kiriata totoka.
(4) Te whakaritenga anō, te hononga matū rānei o ngā ngota e hanga ana i te kiriata.
2, Te whakamahana mimiti
(1) Te mimiti wera ātete
Ko te tikanga whakamahana ātete te tikanga whakamahana māmā rawa atu, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana hoki. E whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā rauemi paninga he ira rewa kei raro iho i te 1500℃. Ko ngā konganuku ira rewa teitei he āhua waea, he āhua rau rānei (W, Mo, Ti, Ta, boron nitride, me ētahi atu) ka hangaia hei pūtake mimiti e tika ana, ka utaina ki ngā rauemi mimiti, mā te wera Joule o te iahiko hei whakarewa, hei mimiti, hei whakangawari rānei i te rauemi paninga. Ko te āhua o te pūtake mimiti ko te nuinga o te porowhita maha-aho, te āhua U, te ngaru sine, te pereti angiangi, te poti, te kete kōne, me ētahi atu. I taua wā anō, ko te tikanga e hiahia ana kia teitei te ira rewa o te rauemi pūtake mimiti, kia iti te pēhanga kohu mātotoru, kia pumau ngā āhuatanga matū, kia kore e tauhohe matū ki te rauemi paninga i te pāmahana teitei, kia pai te ātete wera, kia iti te huringa o te mātotoru mana, me ētahi atu. Ka whakamahia te iahiko teitei mā te pūtake mimiti hei whakamahana tika i te rauemi kiriata, hei whakamahana rānei i te rauemi kiriata ki roto i te oko i hangaia ki te karāhe me ētahi waikura konganuku ātete pāmahana teitei (pēnei i te A202, B0) me ētahi atu rauemi hei whakamahana ā-kore.
He iti ngā herenga o te paninga mimiti wera ātete: he iti te pēhanga mimiti o ngā konganuku ātete, he uaua ki te hanga kiriata angiangi; he ngāwari ki ētahi huānga te hanga i tētahi koranu me te waea whakamahana; he uaua ki te whiwhi i tētahi hanganga ōrite o te kiriata koranu. Nā te hanganga ngāwari, te utu iti, me te ngāwari o te whakahaere i te tikanga mimiti wera ātete, he tino noa te whakamahinga o te tikanga mimiti.
(2) Te mimiti o te whakamahana hihi irahiko
Ko te mimiti hikohiko he tikanga mō te mimiti i te rauemi paninga mā te pupuhi i te hihi hikohiko kiato teitei mā te whakanoho ki roto i te ipu parahi matao-wai. Ko te pūtake mimiti he pūtake tuku hikohiko, he pūtake hiko whakatere hikohiko, he ipu (he ipu parahi te nuinga), he koiri aukume, me te huinga wai whakamatao, me ētahi atu. I roto i tēnei taputapu, ka whakanohoia te rauemi wera ki roto i te ipu wai matao-wai, ā, ka pupuhi te hihi hikohiko i tētahi wāhanga iti noa iho o te rauemi, ko te nuinga o ngā rauemi e toe ana ka noho ki te pāmahana tino iti i raro i te pānga whakamatao o te ipu, ka taea te kī ko te wāhanga pupuhi o te ipu. Nō reira, ko te tikanga whakamahana hihi hikohiko mō te mimiti ka taea te karo i te poke i waenga i te rauemi paninga me te rauemi pūtake mimiti.
Ka taea te wehewehe i te hanganga o te pūtake mimiti hikohiko kia toru ngā momo: ngā pū tika (ngā pū Boules), ngā pū mowhiti (kua whakapikohia e te hiko) me ngā pū-e (kua whakapikohia e te aukume). Ka taea te whakanoho i tētahi, i ētahi rānei oko para ki roto i tētahi whare mimiti, ka taea te mimiti me te whakatakoto i ngā matū rerekē i te wā kotahi, i te wā motuhake rānei.
Ko ngā painga o ngā pūtake mimiti hihi irahiko e whai ake nei.
①Ka taea e te pūtake mimiti hikohiko te whiwhi i te nui o te kaha o te pūngao i te pūtake whakamahana ātete, ka taea te mimiti i ngā rauemi rewa teitei, pērā i te W, Mo, Al2O3, me ētahi atu.
②Ka whakanohoia te rauemi paninga ki roto i te para parahi kua whakamataohia e te wai, ka taea te karo i te mimiti o te rauemi pūtake mimiti, me te tauhohenga i waenganui i a rātou.
③Ka taea te tāpiri tika i te wera ki te mata o te rauemi paninga, ka nui ake te whai huatanga o te wera, ka iti ake te ngaronga o te kawe wera me te irahiko wera.
Ko te ngoikoretanga o te tikanga whakamomona hikohiko, ko te whaka-ionize o ngā irahiko tuatahi mai i te pū irahiko me ngā irahiko tuarua mai i te mata o te rauemi paninga i ngā ngota mimiti me ngā ngota hau toenga, ka pā tēnei ki te kounga o te kiriata i ētahi wā.
(3) Te whakamātao wera tere-teitei
Ko te whakamahana whakapūmau auau-teitei ko te whakanoho i te oko me te rauemi paninga ki waenganui o te koiri porowhita auau-teitei, kia puta ai te iahiko hurihuri kaha me te pānga hysteresis i raro i te whakapūmau o te mara hiko auau-teitei, ka meinga te paparanga kiriata kia wera ake kia mimiti, kia mimiti. Ko te pūtake mimiti he koiri auau-teitei kua whakamataohia e te wai me te oko graphite, te oko uku rānei (konupora waikura, konumohe waikura, boron waikura, me ētahi atu). Ko te tuku hiko auau-teitei e whakamahi ana i te auau mai i te tekau mano ki te maha rau mano Hz, ko te mana whakauru he maha ki te maha rau kirowati, ko te iti o te rōrahi o te rauemi membrane, ko te teitei ake o te auau whakapūmau. Ko te auau koiri whakapūmau he mea hanga i te ngongo parahi kua whakamataohia e te wai.
Ko te ngoikoretanga o te tikanga whakamomona whakamahana arataki auau-tiketike ko te kore e ngawari ki te whakatika i te mana whakauru, a ko enei nga painga e whai ake nei.
①Te tere mimiti teitei
②He ōrite, he pumau hoki te pāmahana o te pūtake mimiti, nō reira ehara i te mea ngāwari ki te whakaputa i te āhuatanga o te tauhiuhi o ngā pata paninga, ā, ka taea hoki te karo i te āhuatanga o ngā kōhao iti i runga i te kiriata kua whakatakotoria.
③Ka utaina te pūtake mimiti kotahi, ā, he tino māmā, he ngāwari hoki te whakahaere i te pāmahana.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-28-2022