Ko te tukanga mahi o ngā paninga whatu ko ngā mahi matua e whai ake nei: te maimoatanga o mua, te paninga, te aroturuki me te whakatikatika kiriata, te whakamatao me te tango. Ka rerekē pea te tukanga motuhake i runga i te momo taputapu (pēnei i te paninga mimiti, te paninga pupuhi, me ētahi atu) me te tukanga paninga (pēnei i te kiriata paparanga kotahi, te kiriata paparanga maha, me ētahi atu), engari i te nuinga o te wā, ko te tukanga paninga whatu he penei:
Tuatahi, te wāhanga whakarite
Te horoi me te whakarite i ngā wāhanga whatu:
I mua i te paninga, me horoi pai ngā wāhanga whatu (pērā i ngā karāhe arotahi, ngā tātari, te karāhe whatu, me ētahi atu). Koinei te kaupapa matua mō te whakarite i te kounga o te paninga. Ko ngā tikanga horoi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te horoi ultrasonic, te pickling, te horoi mamaoa me ētahi atu.
Ko ngā wāhanga whatu ma ka whakanohoia ki runga i te taputapu hurihuri, ki te pūnaha kume rānei o te mīhini paninga kia mau tonu ai te pumau i te wā e pania ana.
Te maimoatanga o mua o te rūma korehau:
I mua i te whakatakotoranga o te huānga whatu ki roto i te mīhini paninga, me pupuhi te rūma paninga ki tētahi taumata korehau. Ka taea e te taiao korehau te tango i ngā poke, te hāora me te mamaoa wai i te rangi, te ārai i a rātou kei tauhohe ki te rauemi paninga, me te whakarite i te parakore me te kounga o te kiriata.
Ko te tikanga, me whiwhi te rūma paninga i te hau korehau teitei (10⁻⁵ ki te 10⁻⁶ Pa) i te hau korehau waenga rānei (10⁻³ ki te 10⁻⁴ Pa).
Tuarua, te tukanga paninga
Pūtake tīmatanga paninga:
Ko te pūtake paninga he pūtake mimiti, he pūtake pīrere rānei. Ka tīpakohia ngā pūtake paninga rerekē i runga i te tukanga paninga me te rauemi.
Pūtake mimiti: Ka whakamahanahia te rauemi paninga ki te āhua mimiti mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu whakamahana, pērā i te mimiti hihi irahiko, i te mimiti whakamahana ātete rānei, kia mimiti ai ōna ngota, ōna ngota rānei, ka whakatakotoria ki te mata o te huānga whatu i roto i te korehau.
Pūtake pupuhi: Mā te whakamahi i te ngaohiko teitei, ka tukinga te ūnga ki ngā katote, ka pupuhi i ngā ngota, i ngā ngota rānei o te ūnga, ka whakatakotoria ki te mata o te huānga whatu hei hanga i tētahi kiriata.
Te whakatakotoranga rauemi kiriata:
I roto i te taiao korehau, ka mimiti, ka pupū rānei te rauemi kua pania i tētahi pūtake (pērā i te pūtake mimiti, i te ūnga rānei) ka āta whakatakotoranga ki te mata o te huānga whatu.
Me tino whakahaere te tere o te whakatakoto me te matotoru o te kiriata kia ōrite ai te paparanga kiriata, kia mau tonu ai, kia tutuki ai hoki ngā whakaritenga hoahoa. Ka pā tika ngā tawhā i te wā e whakatakoto ana (pēnei i te iahiko, te rere o te hau, te pāmahana, me ētahi atu) ki te kounga o te kiriata.
Te aroturukitanga kiriata me te whakahaere matotoru:
I roto i te tukanga paninga, ka aro turukihia te matotoru me te kounga o te kiriata i te wā tūturu, ā, ko ngā taputapu aro turuki e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te pauna iti o te karaihe kuata (QCM) ** me ētahi atu pūoko, e taea ai te kite tika i te tere whakatakotoranga me te matotoru o te kiriata.
I runga i ēnei raraunga aroturuki, ka taea e te pūnaha te whakarite aunoa i ngā tawhā pēnei i te mana o te pūtake paninga, te tere rere o te hau, te tere hurihuri rānei o te wāhanga hei pupuri i te ōritetanga me te ōritetanga o te paparanga kiriata.
Kiriata maha-paparanga (mēnā e hiahiatia ana):
Mō ngā wāhanga whatu e hiahia ana ki tētahi hanganga paparanga maha, ka mahia te tukanga paninga paparanga i te paparanga. Whai muri i te whakatakotoranga o ia paparanga, ka whakahaerehia e te pūnaha te kimi me te whakatikatika i te matotoru o te kiriata kia mōhio ai kei te tutuki te kounga o ia paparanga kiriata i ngā whakaritenga hoahoa.
Ko tēnei tukanga e hiahia ana kia tino tika te whakahaere i te matotoru me te momo rauemi o ia paparanga kia taea ai e ia paparanga te mahi i ngā mahi pēnei i te whakaata, te tuku, te pokanoa rānei i roto i tētahi awhe roangaru motuhake.
Tuatoru, whakamataohia, ka tangohia
Kōpaepae:
Kia oti te paninga, me whakamatao ngā whatu me te mīhini paninga. Nā te mea ka wera pea ngā taputapu me ngā wāhanga i te wā o te paninga, me whakamatao kia tae ki te pāmahana rūma mā te pūnaha whakamatao, pērā i te wai whakamatao, te rere rānei o te hau, hei ārai i te kino o te wera.
I roto i ētahi tukanga paninga pāmahana teitei, ehara i te mea ka tiakina noa te huānga whatu e te whakamatao, engari ka taea hoki e te kiriata te whakatutuki i te piri me te pumau tino pai.
Tangohia te huānga whatu:
Kia oti te whakamatao, ka taea te tango i te huānga whatu mai i te mīhini paninga.
I mua i te tango atu, me tirotiro te pānga o te paninga, tae atu ki te ōritetanga o te paparanga kiriata, te matotoru o te kiriata, te piri, me ētahi atu, kia mōhio ai kei te tutuki i te kounga o te paninga ngā whakaritenga.
4. Tukatuka-muri (whiringa)
Te whakapakeketanga o te kiriata:
I ētahi wā me whakapakeke te kiriata pania kia pai ake ai te ātete ki te rakuraku me te roa o te kiriata. Ko te tikanga ka mahia tēnei mā roto i ngā tikanga pēnei i te maimoatanga wera, i te hihi ultraviolet rānei.
Te horoi kiriata:
Hei tango i ngā poke, ngā hinu, me ētahi atu poke rānei i te mata o te kiriata, me mahi pea ētahi horoinga iti, pēnei i te horoi, te maimoatanga ultrasonic, me ētahi atu.
5. Te tirotiro me te whakamātautau kounga
Whakamātautau mahi whatu: Kia oti te paninga, ka whakahaerehia he raupapa whakamātautau mahi ki te wāhanga whatu, tae atu ki te whakawhiti mārama, te whakaata, te ōritetanga kiriata, me ētahi atu, hei whakarite kia tutuki i ngā whakaritenga hangarau.
Whakamātautau piri: Mā te whakamātautau rīpene, te whakamātautau rakuraku rānei, tirohia mēnā he kaha te piri i waenga i te kiriata me te papa.
Whakamātautau pumau taiao: I ētahi wā me whakahaere he whakamātautau pumau i raro i ngā āhuatanga taiao pēnei i te pāmahana, te haumākū, me te mārama ultraviolet hei whakarite i te pono o te paparanga paninga i roto i ngā mahi whai hua.
–Nā tekaihanga mīhini paninga korehauGuangdong Zhenhua
Wā tuku: Hanuere-24-2025