Nā ʻano o ka Coefficient Mahana o ke Kūʻē ʻAʻahu Metala

ʻOkoʻa ke koina mahana o ke kū'ē ʻana o ka ʻili metala me ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili, he maikaʻi ʻole nā ​​ʻili lahilahi, he maikaʻi nā ʻili mānoanoa, a like nā ʻili mānoanoa akā ʻaʻole like me nā mea nui. Ma keʻano laulā, loli ke koina mahana o ke kū'ē ʻana mai ka maikaʻi ʻole a i ka maikaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili i nā ʻumi nanometer.

Eia kekahi, hoʻopilikia pū ka helu mahu i ke koina mahana resistive o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni metala. ʻO ka helu mahu haʻahaʻa i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni he palupalu, nā electrons ma waena o kona pale hiki a me ka hiki ke hana i ka conductivity he nāwaliwali, me ka oxidation a me ka adsorption, no laila ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai kū'ē, he liʻiliʻi ka koina mahana kū'ē, a i ʻole maikaʻi ʻole, me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka helu mahu, ka coefficient mahana kū'ē o ke kū'ē o kahi loli liʻiliʻi mai ka nui, mai ka maikaʻi ʻole a i ka maikaʻi. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka helu mahu haʻahaʻa o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma muli o ka oxidation o nā waiwai semiconductor, ka coefficient mahana kū'ē o nā waiwai maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ka helu mahu kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa nā waiwai metala a loaʻa iā lākou kahi koina mahana kū'ē maikaʻi.

ʻOiai ke loli mau nei ke ʻano o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni me ka mahana, loli pū ke koina mahana kū'ē a me ke kū'ē o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni me ka mahana o ka papa uhi i ka wā e mahu ai, a ʻo ka lahilahi o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loli. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia ma muli o nā loli kemika i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mahu hou ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha hou ʻana o nā ʻāpana o ka mokupuni kokoke a i ʻole ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni tubular ma luna o ka substrate, a me ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka lattice, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka haumia, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā hemahema lattice, a me ka oxidation.

–Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia ʻatikala ehana mīkini uhi hakahakar Guangdong Zhenhua