Ka hopena o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ion ma ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni/substrate interface

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka waiho ʻana o nā ʻātoma membrane, loaʻa i ka pōʻino ion nā hopena ma hope o ka membrane/substrate interface.

(1) Hui kino. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu ion injection, sputtering o nā mea i waiho ʻia a me ka recoil injection o ka ʻili a me ka cascade collision phenomena, e hoʻoulu i ka wahi kokoke i ka ʻili o ka membrane / base interface o nā mea substrate a me nā mea membrane o ka non-diffusion mixing, e kūpono kēia hopena hui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka membrane / base interface "pseudo-dif, kahi pānaʻi i waena o ka membrane / base interface "pseudo-dif. microns mānoanoa. He mau micrometers ka mānoanoa, kahi e puka mai ai nā ʻāpana hou. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika adhesion o ka membrane / base interface.

(2) Hoʻonui i ka hoʻolaha. ʻO ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o nā hemahema i ka ʻāina kokoke i ka ʻili a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui i ka diffusion rate. No ka mea he kiko kiko ka ʻili, hiki i nā ion liʻiliʻi ke hoʻohuli i ka ʻili, a ʻo ka hoʻomake ʻana o ka ion ka hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka deflection o ka ʻili a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka diffusion o nā mea i waiho ʻia a substrate.

(3) Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano nucleation. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā waiwai o ka atom i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka substrate e ka pilina o ka ʻili a me nā waiwai neʻe ma ka ʻili. Inā ʻaʻohe pilina ikaika ma waena o ka atom condensed a me ka ʻili o ka substrate, e laha ka ʻātoma ma ka ʻili a hiki i ka nucleates ma kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole e hui pū ʻia me nā atom diffusing ʻē aʻe. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano o ka nucleation he nucleation non-reactive. ʻOiai inā pili ka mea kumu i ka hihia o ke ʻano nucleation non-reactive, ma ka hoʻomake ʻana o ka ion o ka ʻili substrate hiki ke hana i nā hemahema hou aʻe, e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka nucleation, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka diffusion - reactive nucleation mode.

(4) Ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻātoma i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka sputtering o nā mana o ka ʻili e ke kūlana hoʻopaʻa kūloko, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ion o ka ʻili i nā ʻātoma i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o kēia hopena i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā interface diffusion-reactive.

(5) Ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka uhi ʻana o ka ʻili a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka plating bypass. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana kinoea puʻe o ka ion plating, evaporated a sputtered nā mana i hoʻokuʻi ʻia me nā ʻātoma kinoea e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, e hopena i nā waiwai uhi uhi maikaʻi.

-Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia ʻatikala emea hana mīkini hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻaGuangdong Zhenhua