Ulwakhiwo lomthombo wokufuma oluxhathisayo lulula, kulula ukulisebenzisa, kulula ukulwenza, lolona hlobo lomthombo wokufuma olusetyenziswa kakhulu. Abantu badla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-heat generator okanye i-evaporation boat.
Ukufudumeza iimfuno zezinto ezisetyenziswayo zokuxhathisa kubushushu obuphezulu: ubushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa, uxinzelelo oluphantsi lomphunga kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, akukho mpendulo yamakhemikhali ngezinto ezikwi-membrane, azivelisi igesi kunye nongcoliseko. Izixhobo zokufudumeza ezikhethiweyo zokuxhathisa ikakhulu ezivela kwiintsimbi ezichaseneyo, ezifana ne-W, i-Mo, i-Ta kunye nezinye izinto okanye ukhetho lwe-high-purity, i-graphite enamandla aphezulu okanye i-boron nitride synthetic conductive ceramics kunye nezinye izinto. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokukhetha i-Fe, i-Ni, i-Ni-Cr alloy kunye ne-Pt njengezinto zomthombo wokufuma.
Umthombo wokufuma ohlukeneyo wokuxhathisa ukufudumeza wezinto eziqhelekileyo (ezifana neTi, Mo, C, Ta, W, njl.njl.) weqondo lokunyibilika kunye noxinzelelo lomphunga kunye nejika lobudlelwane bobushushu lahlukile. Phakathi kwazo, i-tungsten iba buthathaka xa ifudunyezwa kubushushu bokufuma ngenxa yemveliso yokuhlangana kobushushu. I-Molybdenum, kwelinye icala, iyahluka ngobumsulwa, ezinye ziba buthathaka kwaye ezinye azibi buthathaka. I-Tungsten isabela nomphunga wamanzi ukwenza i-volatious oxygen compound WO3.
Ngoko ke, xa i-tungsten ifudunyezwa kumphunga wamanzi oseleyo, izinto ezifudunyezwayo zihlala ziphela. Xa uxinzelelo lwegesi oluseleyo luphantsi, akukho lahleko ingako yezinto, kodwa kungcoliseko olukhulu lwe-membrane.
Ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo ye-filamentary kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukumanziswa kwentambo eshushu kwizinto ze-membrane. Umzekelo, ubushushu bentambo eshushu bunyuka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, izinto ze-membrane akulula ukuzinyibilikisa ngoko nangoko zonke izinto ze-membrane kwaye ukumanziswa kwentambo eshushu akwanelanga. Ngenxa yoko, ifilimu enganyibilikiswanga inokuwa iphume kwingobozi yentambo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukunyuka kobushushu ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kuya kubangela ukuba izinto ze-membrane ezikwigesi zikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza, okubangela amaqamza okanye ukutshiza, isiphumo siya kwenza ukwakheka kwamaconsi amancinci kunamathele kwi-substrate. Ke ngoko, imithombo ye-filament kufuneka isetyenziswe ngolawulo lobushushu.
Eyona ngxaki iphambili ngeebhaskithi zentambo, iikhoyili ezijijekileyo okanye iikhoyili ezijikelezayo kukuba ubungakanani bezinto ezixhasa ifilimu buncinci kakhulu, kwaye lo mthombo uya kubangela ukuba ubushushu bentambo eshushu bunyuke njengoko ubungakanani bezinto zefilimu buncipha emva kokuba izinto zefilimu ziphelisiwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinga lokuphuma komoya linyuke. Le yingxaki ekufuneka iqatshelwe kwinkqubo yokwenza ifilimu efuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwezinga lokuphuma komoya.
(2) Umgaqo wokusebenza kunye nesakhiwo kunye neempawu zokusetyenziswa
Umthombo wokufuma wokuxhathisa, eneneni, yi-heater yokuxhathisa, kukusetyenziswa kwejenereyitha yobushushu okanye isikhephe sokufuma esinikwe amandla ngqo, ukuze umbane udlule kwinani elikhulu le-Joule ufudumale kwaye ufumane ubushushu obuphezulu ukuze unyibilikise izinto zefilimu yesinyithi, ukuze umswakama ube ngumthombo wokufuma.
–Eli nqaku likhutshwe nguumenzi womatshini wokugquma nge-vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-23-2024