Chiyambi cha ukadaulo wa filimu yopyapyala ya dzuwa yotchedwa photovoltaic

Pambuyo poti ku Europe kwapezeka mphamvu ya photovoltaic ku America mu 1863, dziko la America linapanga selo loyamba la photovoltaic lomwe lili ndi (Se) mu 1883. Poyamba, maselo a photovoltaic ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumlengalenga, usilikali ndi madera ena. M'zaka 20 zapitazi, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa maselo a photovoltaic kwalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya solar photovoltaic padziko lonse lapansi. Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, mphamvu yonse ya solar PV yoyikidwa inafika pa 616GW padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ikuyembekezeka kufika pa 50% ya mphamvu yonse yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi pofika chaka cha 2050. Popeza kuyamwa kwa kuwala ndi zinthu za semiconductor za photovoltaic kumachitika makamaka mu makulidwe a ma microns angapo mpaka mazana a ma microns, ndipo mphamvu ya pamwamba pa zinthu za semiconductor pa magwiridwe antchito a batri ndi yofunika kwambiri, ukadaulo wa vacuum thin film umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma solar cell.

Maselo a photovoltaic opangidwa ndi mafakitale amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: limodzi ndi maselo a solar a silicon a crystalline, ndipo lina ndi maselo a solar a thin-film. Ukadaulo waposachedwa wa crystalline silicon cell umaphatikizapo ukadaulo wa passivation emitter ndi backside cell (PERC), ukadaulo wa heterojunction cell (HJT), ukadaulo wa passivation emitter back surface full diffusion (PERT), ndi ukadaulo wa cell wa oxide-piercing contact (Topcn). Ntchito za mafilimu opyapyala m'maselo a silicon a crystalline zimaphatikizapo passivation, anti-reflection, p/n doping, ndi conductivity. Ukadaulo waukulu wa batri ya thin-film umaphatikizapo cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide, calcite ndi ukadaulo wina. Filimuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati gawo lopepuka, gawo loyendetsa, ndi zina zotero. Ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana wa vacuum thin film umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mafilimu opyapyala m'maselo a photovoltaic.

ChiZhenhuamzere wopanga utoto wa dzuwa wa photovoltaicchiyambi:

Zida:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe ka modular, komwe kangawonjezere chipinda malinga ndi zosowa za ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito, komwe kuli kosavuta komanso kosinthasintha;

2. Njira yopangira ikhoza kuyang'aniridwa mokwanira, ndipo magawo a ndondomekoyi akhoza kutsatiridwa, zomwe ndi zosavuta kutsatira kupanga;

4. Choyikamo zinthucho chingabwezeretsedwe chokha, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito chida chowongolera kumatha kulumikiza njira zakale ndi zomaliza, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa zochita zokha, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kusunga mphamvu.

Ndi yoyenera Ti, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, Ag, Sn ndi zitsulo zina za elemental, ndipo yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zigawo zamagetsi za semiconductor, monga: ceramic substrates, ceramic capacitors, LED ceramic brackets, ndi zina zotero.