I muri i te kitenga o te pānga photovoltaic i Ūropi i te tau 1863, i hangaia e te Hononga o Amerika te pūtau photovoltaic tuatahi me te (Se) i te tau 1883. I ngā rā o mua, ko ngā pūtau photovoltaic te nuinga o te wā i whakamahia i roto i te rererangi, te ope taua me ētahi atu mara. I roto i ngā tau 20 kua pahure ake nei, ko te hekenga nui o te utu o ngā pūtau photovoltaic kua whakatairanga i te whakamahinga whānui o te photovoltaic solar puta noa i te ao. I te mutunga o te tau 2019, ko te katoa o te kaha tāuta o te PV solar i eke ki te 616GW puta noa i te ao, ā, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te 50% o te katoa o te whakaputa hiko o te ao i te tau 2050. Nā te mea ko te mimiti o te mārama e ngā rauemi semiconductor photovoltaic ka puta i te whānuitanga matotoru o te torutoru microns ki te rau microns, ā, he mea tino nui te awe o te mata o ngā rauemi semiconductor ki te mahi pākahiko, he whānui te whakamahinga o te hangarau kiriata angiangi korehau i roto i te hanga pūtau solar.
Ko ngā pūtau photovoltaic ahumahi e wehea ana kia rua ngā wāhanga matua: ko tētahi he pūtau solar silicon crystalline, ā, ko tētahi he pūtau solar kiriata-angiangi. Ko ngā hangarau pūtau silicon crystalline hou ko te hangarau passivation emitter me te backside cell (PERC), te hangarau heterojunction cell (HJT), te passivation emitter back surface full diffusion (PERT), me te hangarau oxide-piercing contact cell (Topcn). Ko ngā mahi a ngā kiriata angiangi i roto i ngā pūtau silicon crystalline ko te passivation, te anti-reflection, te p/n doping, me te conductivity. Ko ngā hangarau pākahiko kiriata-angiangi matua ko te cadmium telluride, te copper indium gallium selenide, te calcite me ētahi atu hangarau. Ko te kiriata te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana hei paparanga mimiti mārama, hei paparanga conductivity, me ētahi atu. He maha ngā hangarau kiriata angiangi korehau e whakamahia ana i roto i te whakarite kiriata angiangi i roto i ngā pūtau photovoltaic.
Zhenhuaraina whakaputa paninga photovoltaic solarkupu whakataki:
Ngā āhuatanga o te taputapu:
1. Whakamahia he hanganga modular, ka taea te whakanui ake i te rūma kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te mahi me te whai huatanga, he watea, he ngāwari hoki;
2. Ka taea te aro turuki katoa i te tukanga whakaputa, ā, ka taea te whai i ngā tawhā tukanga, he mea watea ki te aro turuki i te whakaputanga;
4. Ka taea te whakahoki aunoa i te whatanga rauemi, ā, mā te whakamahi i te manipulator ka taea te hono i ngā tukanga o mua me muri, te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi, te taumata tiketike o te aunoatanga, te whai huatanga teitei me te penapena pūngao.
He pai mō te Ti, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, Ag, Sn me ētahi atu konganuku huānga, ā, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā wāhanga hiko haurua-haurua, pērā i: ngā papa uku, ngā pūnga uku, ngā whāriki uku LED, me ētahi atu.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-07-2023