1. Papa horoi pūwero 1.1) Ka whakamahia e te mīhini paninga pupuhi te mura hei horoi i te papa. Arā, ka utaina te hau argon ki roto i te rūma, ko te ngaohiko tuku he tata ki te 1000V. I muri i te tahuritanga o te pūtake hiko, ka puta he mura, ā, ka horoia te papa e ...
Kua neke te whakamahinga o ngā kiriata angiangi whatu i roto i ngā hua hikohiko kaihoko pēnei i ngā waea pūkoro mai i ngā karāhe kāmera tuku iho ki tētahi huarahi kanorau, pēnei i ngā karāhe kāmera, ngā pare karāhe, ngā tātari tapahi infrared (IR-CUT), me te paninga NCVM i runga i ngā taupoki pākahiko waea pūkoro. Ko te tere o te kāmera...
Ko ngā āhuatanga o te hangarau paninga CVD e whai ake nei: 1. He māmā noa iho, he ngāwari hoki te tukanga whakahaere o ngā taputapu CVD, ā, ka taea te whakarite i ngā kiriata takitahi, ngā kiriata hiato rānei me ngā kiriata koranu me ngā ōwehenga rerekē; 2. He whānuitia ngā tono o te paninga CVD, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei whakarite...
Kua wehea te tukanga mīhini paninga korehau ki: te paninga mimiti korehau, te paninga pupuhi korehau me te paninga katote korehau. 1, Paninga mimiti korehau I raro i te āhua korehau, ka mimiti te rauemi, pērā i te konganuku, te koranu konganuku, me ētahi atu, kātahi ka whakatakotoria ki runga i te mata o te papa...
1, He aha te tukanga paninga korehau? He aha te mahi? Ko te tukanga paninga korehau e whakamahi ana i te mimiti me te pupuhi i roto i te taiao korehau hei tuku i ngā matūriki o te rauemi kiriata, Ka whakatakotoria ki runga i te whakarewa, te karāhe, te uku, ngā haurua-ira me ngā wāhanga kirihou hei hanga i tētahi paparanga paninga, hei whakapaipai...
I te mea ka mahi ngā taputapu paninga korehau i raro i ngā āhuatanga korehau, me tutuki i ngā taputapu ngā whakaritenga o te korehau mō te taiao. Ko ngā paerewa ahumahi mō ngā momo taputapu paninga korehau i hangaia i tōku whenua (tae atu ki ngā tikanga hangarau whānui mō ngā taputapu paninga korehau,...
Ko te whakakikorua ion korehau (whakarāpopototanga ko te whakakikorua ion) he hangarau maimoatanga mata hou i tere te whanake i ngā tau 1970, i whakaarohia e DM Mattox o te Kamupene Somdia i te Hononga o Amerika i te tau 1963. E pā ana ki te tukanga o te whakamahi i te pūtake mimiti, te ūnga pupuhi rānei hei mimiti, hei pupuhi rānei...
① Kiriata ārai-whakaata. Hei tauira, ngā kāmera, ngā pūwhakaata kiriata, ngā pūwhakaata, ngā pūwhakaata kiriata, ngā karu tiro, ngā karāhe tirohanga, me ngā kiriata MgF paparanga-kotahi kua pania ki ngā karāhe me ngā porotiti o ngā taputapu whatu rerekē, me ngā kiriata ārai-whakaata whānui paparanga-rua, paparanga-maha rānei i hangaia mai i te SiOFrO2, AlO, ...
① Te whakahaere pai me te whakahokinga o te matotoru o te kiriata. Ka kiia te kaha ki te whakahaere i te matotoru o te kiriata i tētahi uara kua whakaritea. Ka taea te whakahoki i te matotoru o te kiriata e hiahiatia ana mō ngā wā maha, e kiia ana ko te kaha ki te whakahokinga. Nā te mea ko te tukunga...
Ko te hangarau Whakatakotoranga Kohu Matū (CVD) he hangarau hanga kiriata e whakamahi ana i te whakamahana, te whakarei ake i te plasma, te āwhina-whakaahua me ētahi atu tikanga hei hanga i ngā matū hau kia puta he kiriata totoka ki runga i te mata o te papa mā te tauhohenga matū i raro i te pēhanga noa, iti rānei. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te tauhohenga i roto i...
1. Ka pā te tere mimiti ki ngā āhuatanga o te paninga mimiti He nui te pānga o te tere mimiti ki te kiriata kua whakatakotoria. Nā te mea he wetekina te hanganga paninga i hangaia e te tere mimiti iti, ā, he ngāwari ki te whakaputa i te nui o te whakatakotoranga matūriki, he tino haumaru te whiriwhiri i te momo mimiti teitei ake ...
He maha ngā wāhanga tino tika o ngā taputapu paninga korehau, ā, he maha ngā tukanga e hangaia ai ēnei, pērā i te whakarewa, te huri, te huri, te whakamāeneene, te keri, te mira me ērā atu. Nā ēnei mahi, ka poke te mata o ngā wāhanga taputapu i ētahi poke pērā i te hinu...
He tino kaha ngā whakaritenga mō te tukanga paninga korehau mō te taiao tono. Mō te tukanga korehau tuku iho, ko ōna whakaritenga matua mō te horoi korehau ko: kāore he pūtake parahanga kua kohia i runga i ngā wāhanga, i te mata rānei o ngā taputapu i roto i te korehau, te mata o te para...
I ahu mai te mīhini paninga katote i te ariā i whakatakotoria e DM Mattox i ngā tau 1960, ā, i tīmata ngā whakamātautau e pā ana i taua wā; Tae noa ki te tau 1971, i whakaputa a Chambers me ētahi atu i te hangarau o te paninga katote hihi irahiko; I tohua te hangarau paninga mimiti tauhohe (ARE) i roto i te Bu...