Inzira ya vacuum ifite ibyangombwa bisabwa kubidukikije. Kuburyo busanzwe bwa vacuum, ibyingenzi byingenzi bisabwa kugirango isuku ya vacuum ibe: nta soko ryanduye ryanduye ku bice cyangwa hejuru y’ibikoresho biri mu cyuho, ubuso bw’icyumba cya vacuum buroroshye kandi butarimo imyenda yoroheje, imyenge n’ahantu h'imfuruka, bityo gusudira mu mashini ya vacuum ntibizagira ingaruka kuri vacuum, kandi imashini nini ya vacuum ntishobora gukoresha amavuta nk'amavuta. Sisitemu idafite amavuta ya ultra-high vacuum sisitemu igomba kwirinda ingaruka zumwuka wamavuta kumasuku, imikorere ikora cyangwa ibiranga ubuso bwibikorwa bikora. Sisitemu ya ultra-high vacuum sisitemu ikoresha 1Cr18Ni9Ti nkibikoresho byubaka. Laboratoire cyangwa amahugurwa aho imashini itwikiriye vacuum igomba guhorana isuku nisuku.
Mubikorwa byo gutwika vacuum, kuvura isuku hejuru ni ngombwa cyane. Ahanini, mbere yuko insimburangingo zose zipakirwa mu cyumba cya vacuum, zigomba kunyura mbere yo gukora isuku kugira ngo zigere ku kwangirika, kwanduza no kubura umwuma.
Inkomoko nyamukuru yo kwanduza hejuru yibice byashizweho ni: umukungugu, ibyuya, amavuta, amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta, amavuta yo gusiga nibindi bintu bizubahirizwa mugihe cyo gutunganya, kohereza, gupakira nibindi bikorwa; Gazi yamamajwe kandi igatwarwa hejuru yibikoresho; Filime ya oxyde yakozwe hejuru yibice byimashini itwikiriye umwuka utose. Kubihumanya biva muri ayo masoko, ibyinshi birashobora gukurwaho no kwangiza cyangwa gusukura imiti.
Ntukabike ibice byakazi bisukuye mubidukikije. Kugirango ugabanye ivumbi no guhanagura ububiko bwibice byakazi, akenshi ukoreshe akabati cyangwa ibikoresho byafunzwe kugirango ubike igice cyakazi. Substrate yikirahure igomba kubika mubintu bishya bya okiside ya aluminiyumu, ishobora kugabanya imyuka ya hydrocarubone. Kuberako ibikoresho bishya bya okiside ya aluminiyumu bizaba byiza adsorb hydrocarbone. Ubuso bwumva ibyuka byamazi cyangwa bidahindagurika cyane bibikwa mu ziko ryumye.
Ibisabwa byibanze byuburyo bwo gutwika vacuum kubidukikije harimo cyane cyane: isuku nyinshi mucyumba cya vacuum, ivumbi ridafite icyumba cyo gutwikamo, nibindi. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, ubuhehere bw’ikirere buri hejuru cyane, bityo rero mbere yo kubumba, ntibikeneye gusa koza ibice biri mu cyumba cyo hejuru ndetse n’icyuka, ahubwo bigomba no gukora imirimo yo guteka no gutesha agaciro. Byongeye kandi, mu rwego rwo gukumira amavuta kwinjira mu cyumba cya vacuum, ni ngombwa kandi kwita ku kugaruka kwa peteroli hamwe n’ingamba zo guhagarika amavuta ya pompe ikwirakwizwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-18-2023