Ukadaulo Wochepetsa Mafilimu Ochepa

Kuyika filimu yopyapyala ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga ma semiconductor, komanso m'magawo ena ambiri a sayansi ya zinthu ndi uinjiniya. Zimaphatikizapo kupanga wosanjikiza woonda wa zinthu pa substrate. Mafilimu osungidwa amatha kukhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, kuyambira zigawo zochepa za atomiki mpaka ma micrometer angapo okhuthala. Mafilimuwa amatha kugwira ntchito zambiri, monga ma conductor amagetsi, ma insulators, ma optical coating, kapena zotchinga zoteteza.

Nazi njira zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira filimu yopyapyala:
Kutulutsa nthunzi m'thupi (PVD)
Kutulutsa: Mtambo wa ayoni wamphamvu kwambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwetsa maatomu kuchokera ku chinthu chomwe chikufunidwa, kenako n’kugwera pa chinthucho.
Kutuluka kwa nthunzi:** Zinthuzo zimatenthedwa mu vacuum mpaka zitasungunuka, kenako nthunzi imasungunuka pa substrate.
Kuyika kwa Atomic Layer (ALD)
ALD ndi njira yomwe filimu imakulitsidwa pa gawo la atomiki imodzi panthawi imodzi. Imayendetsedwa bwino kwambiri ndipo imatha kupanga mafilimu olondola komanso ofanana.
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE)
MBE ndi njira yokulira ya epitaxial komwe ma atomu kapena mamolekyu amawongoleredwa pa substrate yotentha kuti apange filimu yopyapyala ya kristalo.
Ubwino wa Kuyika Filimu Yoonda
Magwiridwe antchito abwino: Mafilimu amatha kupereka zinthu zatsopano ku substrate, monga kukana kukanda kapena kuyendetsa magetsi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu mochepa: Kumathandiza kupanga zipangizo zovuta zomwe sizimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama.
Kusintha: Mafilimu amatha kupangidwa kuti akhale ndi mawonekedwe apadera a makina, magetsi, kuwala, kapena mankhwala.
Mapulogalamu
Zipangizo za semiconductor: Ma transistors, ma circuits ophatikizidwa, ndi ma microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
Zophimba za kuwala: Zophimba zoletsa kuwala komanso zowala kwambiri pa magalasi ndi maselo a dzuwa.
Zophimba zoteteza: Kuteteza dzimbiri kapena kuwonongeka kwa zida ndi makina.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Zophimba pa zipangizo zachipatala kapena njira zoperekera mankhwala.
Kusankha njira yosungiramo zinthu kumadalira zofunikira za ntchitoyo, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kusungidwa, mawonekedwe a filimu yomwe mukufuna, komanso malire a mtengo.

– Nkhaniyi yatulutsidwa ndiwopanga makina ophikira vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua