Ntinye ihe nkiri dị mkpa bụ usoro dị mkpa eji na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, yana n'ọtụtụ mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke sayensị ihe na injinia. Ọ na-agụnye ịmepụta ihe dị mkpa nke ihe dị mkpa na mkpụrụ. Ihe nkiri ndị a echekwabara nwere ike inwe oke ọkpụrụkpụ, site na obere oyiri atọm ole na ole ruo ọtụtụ micrometers. Ihe nkiri ndị a nwere ike ịrụ ọtụtụ ebumnuche, dị ka ndị na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik, ihe mkpuchi, mkpuchi anya, ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi nchebe.
Nke a bụ ụzọ ndị bụ isi ejiri maka itinye ihe nkiri dị mkpa:
Ntụnye uzuoku anụ ahụ (PVD)
Ịgbasa: A na-eji ion ion ike dị elu kụpụ atom n'ihe a na-achọsi ike, nke na-etinye ya na mkpụrụ.
Evaporation: ** A na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ihe na-ekpo ọkụ ruo mgbe ọ na-ekpochapụ, mgbe ahụ, uzuoku na-agbanye na mkpụrụ.
Nkwanye oyi akwa atomic (ALD)
ALD bụ usoro ebe a na-emepụta ihe nkiri na mkpụrụ osisi otu oyi akwa n'otu oge. A na-achịkwa ya nke ukwuu ma nwee ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri ziri ezi na nke dabara adaba.
Epitaxy Molecular Beam (MBE)
MBE bụ usoro itolite epitaxial ebe a na-edobe oghere nke atọm ma ọ bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe n'elu mkpụrụ dị ọkụ iji mepụta ihe nkiri dị mkpa.
Uru nke ntinye ihe nkiri dị mkpa
Arụ ọrụ emelitere: Ihe nkiri nwere ike inye ihe ọhụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi, dị ka nkwụsi ike ọkọchị ma ọ bụ nrụpụta eletrik.
Mbelata ihe eji eme ihe: Ọ na-enye ohere ịmepụta ngwaọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya na obere ihe eji eme ihe, na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa.
Nhazi: Enwere ike ịhazi ihe nkiri ka ọ nwee ihe eji arụ ọrụ, ọkụ eletrik, ngwa anya ma ọ bụ kemịkal.
Ngwa
Ngwa semiconductor: transistor, sekit agbakwunyere na sistemụ microelectromechanical (MEMS).
Ihe mkpuchi anya: Mgbochi na-atụgharị uche na nke dị elu na lenses na sel anyanwụ.
Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi: Iji gbochie corrosion ma ọ bụ iyi na ngwaọrụ na igwe.
Ngwa biomedical: Mkpuchi na ntinye ọgwụ ma ọ bụ usoro nnyefe ọgwụ.
Nhọrọ nke usoro ntinye ego na-adabere na ihe ndị dị mkpa nke ngwa ahụ, gụnyere ụdị ihe a ga-edebe, ihe nkiri ihe nkiri a na-achọsi ike, na ihe mgbochi ego.
–E wepụtara akụkọ aonye na-emepụta igwe mkpuchi ikukuGuangdong Zhenhua
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-15-2024