Mu njira zophikira vacuum, kuchuluka kwa vacuum sikungokhala maziko okha, koma ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limatsimikizira mwachindunji kukhazikika kwa njira, mtundu wa filimu, ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa kupanga.
Inmakina opangira ma PVD ndi zokutira za nthunzi m'mafakitale,Zinthu zosakwanira kapena zosakhazikika za vacuum nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa chachikulu cha zolakwika pakuphimba, kusinthasintha kwa zokolola, komanso mavuto odalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe ma vacuum osiyanasiyana amakhudzira kukhazikika kwa utoto pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi ukadaulo wa njira zosiyanasiyana.
1. Mlingo wa Vacuum monga Maziko a Kuyika Filimu Yolimba
Mu vacuum clothing, malo osungira vacuum amalamulira makamaka:
Kapangidwe ka mpweya wotsalira; Njira yaulere ya tinthu tomwe timatuluka madzi kapena totuluka madzi; Kukhazikika kwa plasma; Kuipitsidwa kwa pamwamba pa filimu ikakula
Pamene kuchuluka kwa vacuum kumachepa (kupanikizika kumawonjezeka), mwayi woti mpweya ugwere umawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa filimu, kufanana, ndi kugwirizana.
Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa vacuum si chizindikiro chokhachokha—chimatanthauzira momwe malire a zinthu zonse zimakhalira.
2. Malo Otsika Ochotsera Vacuum: Kusakhazikika pa Gwero
Mu vacuum yotsika (nthawi zambiri imakhala >10⁻² mbar), njira yophikira imayang'anizana ndi zoopsa zosakhazikika:
Njira yaifupi yapakati yopanda mitundu yophimba
Maatomu otuluka mpweya kapena tinthu tomwe timatuluka timagundana pafupipafupi ndi mamolekyu otsala a mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti:
Kutsika kwa kayendedwe kolowera
Kuchepetsa bwino kwa malo
Kulamulira koyipa kwa makulidwe
Kuphatikizidwa kwakukulu kwa zinthu zodetsedwa
Mpweya wamadzi, okosijeni, ndi ma hydrocarbons zimakhalabe zogwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti:
Mafilimu opangidwa ndi okosijeni kapena oipitsidwa
Kapangidwe ka magetsi, kuwala, kapena makina kowonongeka
Matenda osakhazikika a plasma (pa njira za PVD)
Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotuluka m'magazi kumasokoneza kuchulukana kwa plasma ndi kufanana kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusunga khalidwe lokhazikika la kutulutsa mpweya.
Mu vacuum iyi, zotsatira za kupaka utoto zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kusinthasintha pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kubwerezabwereza kwa njirayi kukhale kovuta kwambiri.
3. Mtundu wa Vacuum Wapakatikati: Kuthekera Koyambira kwa Njira, Kukhazikika Kochepa
Mtundu wa vacuum wapakati (pafupifupi 10⁻³ mpaka 10⁻⁴ mbar) nthawi zambiri umaonedwa ngati malire ocheperako a zokutira vacuum zamafakitale.
Pa mulingo uwu:
Kutengera tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumakhala kolunjika kwambiri
Kuyatsa ndi kukonza plasma n'kotheka
Kupanga filimu yoyambira n'kotheka
Komabe, poganizira za kupanga, kukhazikika kwa njira yopangira zinthu kumakhalabe kocheperako:
Mpweya wotsalira umakhudza kwambiri kapangidwe ka filimu
Kapangidwe ka zokutira kamasonyeza kusiyana koonekera bwino pakati pa gulu lililonse
Kupanga zinthu kwa nthawi yayitali kumabweretsa kusintha pang'onopang'ono
Mtundu uwu wa vacuum ukhoza kuvomerezedwa pa zophimba zokongoletsera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa, koma sukwanira pa zofunikira zapamwamba kapena zosasinthasintha.
4. High Vacuum Range: Kupangitsa Kuti Njira Yogwirira Ntchito Ikhale Yokhazikika
Pamene kupanikizika kwa maziko kufika pa vacuum yochuluka (nthawi zambiri ≤10⁻⁵ mbar), kukhazikika kwa kupaka kumakula kwambiri.
Ubwino waukulu ndi monga:
Njira yowonjezereka yaulere
Tinthu tophimba timayenda mozungulira kuchokera ku gwero kupita ku gawo lina, kuonetsetsa kuti:
Mitengo yodziwikiratu yoyika ndalama
Kulemera kofanana
Kugawa kokhazikika kwa ngodya
Kuipitsidwa kochepa panthawi yomera filimu
Kuchepa kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi kumabweretsa:
Mafilimu okhuthala, oyera kwambiri
Kulumikizana kwamphamvu pakati pa nkhope
Kugwira bwino ntchito kwamakina komanso magwiridwe antchito
Khalidwe lokhazikika la plasma
Mu makina a PVD, kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya wolamulidwa kumachitika pa malo oyera otayira mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza:
Kuwongolera kolondola kwa kuchuluka kwa plasma
Zinthu zotulutsira mobwerezabwereza
Mawindo odalirika a njira
Pa mulingo uwu, kukhazikika kwa chophimba kumakhala kosinthika m'malo mochita zinthu mwachiyembekezo, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zinthu kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mobwerezabwereza.
5. Chotsukira Chopanda Mphamvu Kwambiri ndi Ntchito Yake mu Mapulogalamu Apamwamba
Pa ntchito zina zapamwamba—monga ma multilayer optical, ma functional coating olondola, ndi zipangizo zamakono zamakono—ma vacuum conditions okwera kwambiri amachepetsanso magwero osiyanasiyana.
Ngakhale sizimafunika nthawi zonse popanga mafakitale, vacuum yochuluka kwambiri:
Amachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa nkhope
Zimathandizira kukongola kwa mawonekedwe a filimu
Zimathandizira kudalirika komanso kusasinthasintha kwa nthawi yayitali
Mtengo wa vacuum wokwera kwambiri suli mu liwiro, koma mu kulondola kwa njira ndi kudziwikiratu.
6. Kukhazikika kwa Vacuum vs. Mlingo Wonse wa Vacuum
Mu kupanga zinthu zenizeni, kukhazikika kwa vacuum ndikofunikira kwambiri monga momwe zilili ndi kuchuluka kwa vacuum.
Ngakhale makina omwe amatha kufika pa vacuum yayikulu akhoza kuvutika ndi izi:
Kusakhazikika kwa kupopa; Kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera ku zipangizo za m'chipinda; Kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha kutentha;
Zinthu izi zimayambitsa: Kusinthasintha kwa plasma; Kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi; Kusagwirizana kwa kapangidwe ka filimu
Chifukwa chake, kukhazikika kwa chophimba kumadalira dongosolo lopangidwa bwino la vacuum, kuphatikizapo: Kapangidwe koyenera ka pampu; Kukonza bwino chipinda; Kutsata njira zowongolera
7. Mapeto: Mlingo wa Vacuum Umatanthauza Malire Apamwamba a Kukhazikika kwa Chophimba
Mu vacuum clothing, kukhazikika kwa ndondomekoyi kumachepetsedwa ndi zinthu zotayira vacuum.
Ma vacuum ochuluka: Chepetsani zinthu zosalamulirika; Wonjezerani mawindo okhazikika; Yambitsani zokutira zomwe zingabwerezedwenso komanso zapamwamba
Kwa opanga omwe akufuna kupanga zinthu zambiri, kukhala ndi mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali, komanso kupanga zinthu zambiri, kuchuluka kwa vacuum kuyenera kuonedwa ngati chizindikiro chachikulu cha uinjiniya, osati kungofotokoza za dongosolo.
Malo okhazikika a vacuum si njira yosankha—ndi maziko a ukadaulo wodalirika wopangira vacuum.
– Nkhaniyi yafalitsidwa ndizida zophikira zotsukirawopanga Zhenhua Vacuum
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-08-2026