Zipangizo Zodziwika Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga Zophimba Vacuum

1. Chidule cha Mfundo Zophikira Vacuum

Ukadaulo wophimba vacuumndi ukadaulo woyika pamwamba womwe umachokera ku Physical Npor Deposition (PVD) kapena Chemical Npor Deposition (CVD). Pansi pa vacuum yambiri, zinthu zolimba kapena zophimba za gasi zimasandulika kukhala tinthu taulere kudzera mu kutentha, plasma bombardment, kapena chemical reactions, ndipo pambuyo pake zimayikidwa pamwamba pa substrate kuti zipange filimu yopyapyala.

Njira zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo:

Kuphimba kwa nthunzi (monga, kukana kutentha, kusungunuka kwa electron beam), Magnetron Sputtering, Ion Plating, Chemical Nthunzi Deposition (CVD)

Ngakhale kusankha njira kumasiyana malinga ndi momwe ntchitoyo ikugwiritsidwira ntchito, cholinga chachikulu chimakhalabe chogwirizana: kukwaniritsa kulimba kwambiri, kufanana, komanso kukhazikika kwa filimu.

2. Magulu a Zipangizo Zophikira Zogwiritsa Ntchito Vacuum

Malinga ndi ntchito ya filimu ndi zofunikira pa ndondomeko, zipangizo zophikira vacuum zimagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

(1) Zipangizo Zachitsulo

Aluminiyamu (Al): Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zokutira zokongoletsera ndi zigawo zowunikira, monga m'mabotolo owunikira magalimoto ndi mapanelo okongoletsera.

Titaniyamu (Ti): Imayikidwa mu zokutira zolimba kapena popanga mafilimu okongoletsa abuluu ndi golide.

Chromium (Cr): Njira yofunika kwambiri ya PVD m'malo mwa electroplating yachikhalidwe, yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuwala kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri.

Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira (SUS304, SUS316, ndi zina zotero): Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokutira zooneka ngati chitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba yopewera.

Mkuwa (Cu), Siliva (Ag), Golide (Au): Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zokutira zamagetsi, zokongoletsera, komanso zoyendetsera ntchito.

(2) Zipangizo za Ceramic ndi Oxide

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂): Imayikidwa mu zophimba zotsutsana ndi kuwala (AR), zokulitsa kuwala, ndi mafilimu oteteza kuwala.

Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂): Chipangizo chokhala ndi refractive-index yapamwamba chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu zophimba zosokoneza za kuwala.

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO₂): Imapereka kukhazikika kwabwino kwa kutentha komanso kukana kukalamba.

Aluminium Oxide (Al₂O₃): Yodziwika ndi kuuma kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chophimba cholimba choteteza.

(3) Nitrides ndi Carbides

Titanium Nitride (TiN): Chophimba chagolide chokongoletsera chomwe chimakhala cholimba kwambiri komanso cholimba kwambiri.

Chromium Nitride (CrN), Zirconium Nitride (ZrN): Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zophikira komanso zosatha.

Silicon Carbide (SiC), Titanium Carbide (TiC): Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molimba kwambiri komanso molimba kutentha kwambiri.

3. Zofunikira Zosankha Zinthu ndi Kugwirizana kwa Njira

Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa utoto kumadalira njira yoyika utoto komanso zipangizo zomwe mwasankha. Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira ndi izi:

Kugwirizana kwa Substrate: Substrate zosiyanasiyana monga pulasitiki, chitsulo, ndi galasi zimafuna mphamvu zinazake zomatira filimu.

Zofunikira pa Ntchito: Sankhani zipangizo zokutira kutengera zosowa monga kukana okosijeni, kuyendetsa bwino mpweya, kapena kusefa kwa kuwala.

Kuyenerera kwa Njira: Mwachitsanzo, kupopera kwa magnetron kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zitsulo ndi ma oxide, pomwe kupopera kwa evaporation ndikoyenera pazinthu zomwe sizimasungunuka kwambiri.

Mwachitsanzo:

Mu zophimba zokongoletsera zopangidwa ndi PVD za zinthu zamkati mwa magalimoto, Cr, Ti, ndi TiN zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati njira zina zotetezera chilengedwe m'malo mwa electroplating.

Mu zophimba zowala zotsutsana ndi kuwala (AR), SiO₂ ndi TiO₂ amapanga kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

Kusankha Zinthu Kumatsimikiza Ubwino wa Filimu

Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka filimu yosungidwa mu vacuum sikungokhudzidwa ndi zida ndi kuwongolera njira zogwirira ntchito komanso makamaka ndi kusankha kwa zinthu. Kusankha zinthu zoyenera zophikira ndikuzigwirizanitsa ndi njira yoyenera yoyikamo ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti filimuyo igwire bwino ntchito.

—Nkhaniyi yafalitsidwa ndi zida zophikira zotsukira wopanga Zhenhua Vacuum