Ibikorwa nuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwiza bwibikoresho bya firime (Igice cya 1)

Gukora ibikoresho bya firime optique yoroheje bikorerwa mucyumba cya vacuum, kandi gukura kwa firime ni inzira ya microscopique. Ariko, kuri ubu, inzira ya macroscopique ishobora kugenzurwa mu buryo butaziguye ni ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya macroscopique bifitanye isano itaziguye nubwiza bwa firime. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, binyuze mubushakashatsi bwigihe kirekire bwakorewe ubushakashatsi, abantu basanze umubano usanzwe uri hagati yubwiza bwa firime nibi bintu bya macro, byahindutse inzira yerekana inzira yo kuyobora ibikoresho byingendo za firime, kandi bigira uruhare runini mugukora ibikoresho bya firime nziza cyane.

1. Ingaruka zo gufata icyuka

Ingaruka ya dogere ya vacuum kumiterere ya firime iterwa no gutakaza ingufu hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa chimique buterwa no kugongana kwa gaze hagati ya gaze isigaye na atome ya firime na molekile. Niba urugero rwa vacuum ruri hasi, amahirwe yo guhuza hagati ya molekile ya vapor yibikoresho bya firime na molekile ya gaze isigaye iriyongera, kandi ingufu za kinetic ya molekile ziva mumyuka ziragabanuka cyane, bigatuma molekile ziva mumyuka zidashobora kugera kuri substrate, cyangwa ntizishobora guca mumyuka ya gazi ya adsorption kuri substrate, cyangwa imbaraga zidashobora gucamo ingufu za adsorption ntoya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, firime yashyizwe mubikoresho bya optique yoroheje ya firime irekuye, ubwinshi bwikusanyirizo ni buke, imbaraga za mashini zirakennye, imiterere yimiti ntabwo yera, kandi indangantego yo kugabanya no gukomera kurwego rwa firime irakennye.

Mubisanzwe, hamwe no kwiyongera kwa vacuum, imiterere ya firime iratera imbere, imiterere yimiti iba yera, ariko imihangayiko iriyongera. Iyo hejuru yubuziranenge bwa firime yicyuma na firime ya semiconductor, nibyiza, biterwa nurwego rwa vacuum, bisaba icyuho cyinshi. Ibintu nyamukuru byamafirime yibasiwe nimpamyabumenyi ya vacuum ni indangagaciro yo kwanga, gutatanya, imbaraga za mashini no kudashobora guhinduka.
2. Ingaruka z'igipimo cyo kubitsa

Igipimo cyo kubitsa nikintu cyerekana ibintu byerekana umuvuduko wo gushira muri firime, bigaragazwa nubunini bwa firime yakozwe hejuru yisahani mugihe cyibice, kandi igice ni nm · s-1.

Igipimo cyo kubitsa gifite ingaruka zigaragara kumurongo wangiritse, gushikama, imbaraga za mashini, gufatira hamwe no guhangayikishwa na firime. Niba igipimo cyo kubitsa ari gito, molekile nyinshi ziva mumyuka ziva muri substrate, gukora nuclei ya kirisiti iratinda, kandi kondegene irashobora gukorerwa gusa hamwe, bityo imiterere ya firime ikarekura. Hiyongereyeho igipimo cyo kubitsa, hazashyirwaho firime nziza kandi yuzuye, gukwirakwiza urumuri bizagabanuka, kandi gukomera biziyongera. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo guhitamo neza igipimo cyo kohereza firime nikibazo cyingenzi mugikorwa cyo guhumeka, kandi guhitamo byihariye bigomba kugenwa ukurikije ibikoresho bya firime.

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kunoza igipimo cyo guta: (1) kongera ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwubushyuhe (2) kongera uburyo bwo guhumeka.