Zochita ndi Njira zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa zida zamakanema owonda (Gawo 1)

Kupanga zida zowoneka bwino za filimu zowonda kumachitika m'chipinda chopanda mpweya, ndipo kukula kwa filimuyo ndi njira yaying'ono. Komabe, pakalipano, njira zazikuluzikulu zomwe zingathe kuyendetsedwa mwachindunji ndizinthu zina zazikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi chiyanjano chosagwirizana ndi khalidwe la filimuyo. Ngakhale zili choncho, kudzera mu kafukufuku woyesera kwa nthawi yayitali, anthu apeza mgwirizano wokhazikika pakati pa khalidwe la filimuyo ndi zinthu zazikuluzikuluzi, zomwe zakhala ndondomeko yotsogolera kupanga zipangizo zoyendera mafilimu, ndipo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga zipangizo zamakono zowoneka bwino za mafilimu.

1. Zotsatira za vacuum plating

Chikoka cha vacuum digiri pa katundu wa filimuyi ndi chifukwa cha kutayika kwa mphamvu ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kugunda kwa gasi pakati pa mpweya wotsalira ndi maatomu afilimu ndi ma molekyulu. Ngati vacuum digiri ndi otsika, Mwina maphatikizidwe pakati pa nthunzi mamolekyu a zinthu filimu ndi otsala mamolekyu mpweya ukuwonjezeka, ndi mphamvu kinetic wa mamolekyu nthunzi kwambiri yafupika, kupanga nthunzi mamolekyu sangathe kufika gawo lapansi, kapena sangathe kuthyola mu mpweya adsorption wosanjikiza pa gawo lapansi amatha kuthyola wosanjikiza, kapena kuthyola gawo lapansi. mphamvu ya adsorption yokhala ndi gawo lapansi ndi yaying'ono kwambiri. Chotsatira chake, filimuyi yomwe imayikidwa ndi zipangizo zowoneka bwino za filimu zimakhala zotayirira, kachulukidwe kameneka kamakhala kochepa, mphamvu zamakina zimakhala zosauka, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala sizili zoyera, ndipo chiwerengero cha refractive ndi kuuma kwa filimuyi ndi osauka.

Nthawi zambiri, pakuwonjezeka kwa vacuum, kapangidwe ka filimuyo kamakhala bwino, kapangidwe kake kamakhala koyera, koma kupsinjika kumawonjezeka. Kukwera kwa chiyero cha filimu yachitsulo ndi filimu ya semiconductor, ndibwino, zimadalira kuchuluka kwa vacuum, zomwe zimafuna kutayika kwakukulu kwachindunji. Zinthu zazikulu zamakanema zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi digiri ya vacuum ndi index ya refractive, kubalalitsa, mphamvu zamakina komanso kusasungunuka.
2. Mphamvu ya deposition rate

Deposition rate ndi ndondomeko yomwe imalongosola kuthamanga kwa filimuyo, yomwe imasonyezedwa ndi makulidwe a filimu yomwe inapangidwa pamwamba pa plating mu nthawi ya unit, ndipo unit ndi nm·s-1.

Mlingo wa deposition uli ndi chikoka chowonekera pa index refractive, kulimba, mphamvu zamakina, kumamatira ndi kupsinjika kwa filimuyo. Ngati mlingo wa deposition uli wotsika, mamolekyu ambiri a nthunzi amabwerera kuchokera ku gawo lapansi, mapangidwe a crystal nuclei pang'onopang'ono, ndipo condensation ikhoza kuchitidwa pamagulu akuluakulu, motero kumapangitsa kuti filimuyo ikhale yotayirira. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha kuika, filimu yabwino ndi wandiweyani idzapangidwa, kubalalitsa kuwala kudzachepa, ndipo kulimba kudzawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungasankhire moyenera kuchuluka kwa filimuyi ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri pakupanga evaporation, ndipo kusankha kwapadera kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi filimuyo.

Pali njira ziwiri zowongolerera kuchuluka kwa malo: (1) njira yowonjezera kutentha kwa gwero la evaporation (2) njira yowonjezeretsa gwero la evaporation.