Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem thiab Mechanisms cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv zaj duab xis nyias (Part 1)

Kev tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag nyias zaj duab xis yog nqa tawm hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm txheej zaj duab xis yog txheej txheem microscopic. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no, cov txheej txheem macroscopic uas tuaj yeem tswj tau ncaj qha yog qee qhov macroscopic yam uas muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab txheej. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua mus ntev, tib neeg tau pom qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo thiab cov macro yam tseem ceeb, uas tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los coj kev tsim cov khoom siv mus ncig ua si, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo tshaj plaws.

1. Cov nyhuv ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev plating

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov khoom ntawm zaj duab xis yog vim lub zog poob thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim los ntawm cov roj theem sib tsoo ntawm cov roj seem thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab atoms thiab molecules. Yog tias lub tshuab nqus tsev qis qis, qhov tshwm sim ntawm fusion ntawm cov vapor molecules ntawm cov khoom siv zaj duab xis thiab cov roj molecules ntxiv, thiab lub zog kinetic ntawm cov vapor molecules raug txo kom tsawg, ua rau cov vapor molecules tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub substrate, los yog tsis tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm cov pa adsorption txheej ntawm lub substrate, los yog lub zog ntawm adsorption tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau lub zog adsorption. substrate yog me me heev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov yeeb yaj kiab tso los ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag nyias zaj duab xis yog xoob, qhov sib xyaw ntom ntom qis, lub zog siv tshuab tsis zoo, cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis huv, thiab qhov ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam thiab hardness ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab txheej tsis zoo.

Feem ntau, nrog rau qhov nce ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov qauv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tau txhim kho, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ua tiav, tab sis qhov kev ntxhov siab nce ntxiv. Qhov siab dua qhov purity ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab semiconductor, qhov zoo dua, lawv nyob ntawm qib ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev, uas yuav tsum muaj qhov tsis muaj qhov ncaj qha ntau dua. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab cuam tshuam los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev kawm ntawv yog qhov ntsuas tsis pom kev, tawg, lub zog txhua yam thiab insolubility.
2. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi tso nyiaj

Deposition tus nqi yog ib tug txheej txheem parameter uas piav txog lub deposition ceev ntawm cov zaj duab xis, qhia los ntawm lub thickness ntawm cov zaj duab xis tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub plating nyob rau hauv chav tsev lub sij hawm, thiab chav tsev yog nm·s-1.

Tus nqi deposition muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub refractive index, firmness, mechanical zog, adhesion thiab kev nyuaj siab ntawm zaj duab xis. Yog tias qhov tso nyiaj qis qis, feem ntau ntawm cov vapor molecules rov qab los ntawm lub substrate, qhov tsim ntawm crystal nuclei qeeb, thiab condensation tsuas yog nqa tawm ntawm cov aggregates loj, yog li ua rau cov qauv ntawm zaj duab xis xoob. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm deposition tus nqi, ib tug nplua thiab ntom zaj duab xis yuav tsim, lub teeb tawg yuav txo, thiab firmness yuav nce. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas xaiv cov zaj duab xis deposition npaum li cas yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem evaporation, thiab cov kev xaiv tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li cov khoom siv zaj duab xis.

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los txhim kho qhov tso nyiaj kom zoo: (1) nce evaporation qhov kub ntawm txoj kev (2) nce evaporation qhov chaw txoj kev.