Mu myaka icumi ishize, radar ya mmWave (mmWave) yavuye ku kuba sensor ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora imodoka nke zo mu rwego rwo hejuru igera ku kuba ibikorwa remezo by’ingenzi mu modoka zifite ubwenge. Kuva ku kugenzura ingendo zo mu bwato (ACC) no gufunga byihutirwa (AEB) kugeza ku kugenda ku muvuduko mwinshi kuri autopilot (NOA) no gufasha mu gutwara imodoka mu mijyi, radar ya mmWave igira uruhare runini mu gusobanukirwa ibidukikije by’imodoka.
Uko icyifuzo cya sisitemu zigezweho zo gufasha abashoferi kigenda cyiyongera, sisitemu za radar ubwazo zikomeje kwiyongera. Radar za mbere zifite imiterere ibiri zagiye zisimburwa buhoro buhoro na radar za 4D zishobora gutanga amakuru icyarimwe ku ntera, umuvuduko, azimuth, n'uburebure, zishyiraho ibisabwa bikomeye ku ntera yo kumenya, ubushobozi bwo kumenya aho ibintu biherereye, n'ubushobozi bwo kumenya aho ibintu biherereye. Uretse kunoza imbaraga zo gutunganya chips na algorithm, imiterere ya sisitemu ya antene yagaragaye nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi gituma ibi birushaho kunozwa. Urugero, radar ya ARS540 yo mu gace ka Continental ifite ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu ku ntera ya metero 300 binyuze mu miyoboro ya antene ifite ubucucike bwinshi, icyarimwe igakurikirana amagana y'ibitego. Mu gihugu, ibicuruzwa bya radar bya 4D mmWave byo mu gisekuru gitaha bikoresha antene nini n'imiterere myiza y'imiyoboro kugira ngo byongere ubushobozi bwo kumenya aho ibintu biherereye kure, bigatuma imodoka zibasha kubona mbere, inzira zo kurinda, n'imbogamizi zitarahagarara. Nyuma y'iyi ntambwe, hagaragaye ikintu kigaragara: radar za mmWave zifite ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu ku ntera zigenda zikoresha imiyoboro ya antene.
Muri sisitemu ya radar ya mmWave, antene ishinzwe isohoka ry’imiraba ya elegitoroniki no kwakira imiraba ya elegitoroniki, igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku rugero rwo kumenya, ubushobozi bwo kumenya neza, no kuba ikimenyetso cy’ubunyangamugayo. Imiterere ya radar ya mmWave ya kera yakoreshaga cyane antene za PCB microstrip bitewe n’uko zoroshye, zihendutse, kandi zoroheye gukora cyane. Ariko, uko umurongo wa radar uzamuka ukagera kuri 77 GHz no kurenzaho, imbogamizi za antene za PCB zigaragara. Imiterere ya dielectric y’ibikoresho bya PCB itera igihombo cyo gukwirakwiza kuri frequencies za mmWave, bikagabanya ingufu z’ibimenyetso, mu gihe imbogamizi mu mikorere myiza y’imirasire n’ubushobozi bwo gushushanya imirasire zigabanya imikorere ya sisitemu.
Antene zo mu bwoko bwa Waveguide, mu buryo butandukanye, ziyobora imiraba ya elegitoroniki mu byuma, bigabanya cyane igihombo cyo gukwirakwira no kugera ku mirasire myiza cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kuri sisitemu zisaba uburebure bwagutse bwo kumenya no kubona neza impande, antene zo mu bwoko bwa waveguide zagaragaye nk'igisubizo cyiza. Nyamara gukoresha cyane waveguide bitera imbogamizi nshya mu gukora.
Bitandukanye na antene za PCB, antene ziyobora umuraba ni imiterere ya elegitoroniki y'icyuma. Gukwirakwira kw'umuraba muri waveguide birushaho kwitabwaho cyane n'uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyobora umuraba n'uburyo bwo kuyobora imbere. Guhindagurika mu bipimo bya waveguide cyangwa ubukana bw'ubuso bishobora kwangiza ubwiyongere bw'umuraba, bigahindura icyerekezo cy'imirasire, kandi bikongera igihombo cy'ibimenyetso, amaherezo bigira ingaruka ku ntera yo kubona radar no kumenya intego. Uburyo gakondo bwo gukora bushingiye ku mikorere ya CNC cyangwa icyuma, bituma amashanyarazi akora neza ariko akagira imbogamizi zikomeye mu giciro no kwaguka. Imiterere ya milimetero, akenshi ifite milimetero nke gusa kandi ishobora kwihanganira mikoroni mirongo, isaba imashini zihambaye no kugenzura neza inzira. Imikorere ya mashini ijyanye n'umusaruro muto ariko iba igoye ku ma radar y'imodoka cyangwa senseri z'abaguzi.
Kugira ngo bahuze imikorere myiza ya electromagnetic n'ubushobozi bwo gukora, inganda zakoze ubushakashatsi ku mashanyarazi y'icyuma. Igitekerezo cy'ibanze ni ugutandukanya imiterere y'imiterere y'amashanyarazi n'iy'amashanyarazi. Aho gukoresha icyuma cyose, ubu buryo bukoresha "imiterere y'imiterere + imiterere y'icyuma hejuru y'ubuso."
Mu ntangiriro, aho amazi anyura hakorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukurura, gukanda, cyangwa gukora inyongeramusaruro hakoreshejwe pulasitiki y’ubuhanga cyangwa polymeri zikora neza, bitanga ubworoherane no kuba byiza mu gukora ibintu byinshi. Nyuma yo gukora inyubako, gusukura ubuso mbere y’uko bukorwa—gusukura, gukaraba, cyangwa gukoresha imiti—birashyirwa mu rwego rwo kongera gufatana kw’icyuma. Nyuma yo gushyiramo urwego rukomeza gukurura, binyuze muri PVD, gukanda, cyangwa gukanda nta mashini, akenshi hakoreshejwe umuringa, nikeli, cyangwa feza, bihindura imiterere mo uburyo bwo gukanda bugabanya igihombo. Ahantu h’ingenzi nko gukandagira cyangwa ahantu hahurira ibintu hashobora guhabwa uburyo bwo gukora ibyuma cyangwa gukoresha neza amashanyarazi kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere myiza y’amashanyarazi.
Ubu buryo bwo "gutunganya imiterere + metallization" bugumana imikorere myiza y’amakuru asanzwe mu gihe butuma habaho gukora neza kandi neza. Ibice byakozwe mu buryo bwo gutera inshinge byemerera gukora vuba, bikagabanya ikiguzi; substrates za pulasitiki zigabanya uburemere, zishyigikira ubworoheje bw’imodoka, kandi icapiro rya 3D ryoroshya ubuhanga buhanitse, rikongera imiterere y’amakuru manini ya antene. Ubu buryo buhuza neza imikorere myiza ya electromagnetic, ubushobozi bwo gukora, no kugenzura ikiguzi, bigatuma antene za metallized waveguide zirushaho kwiyongera mu bicuruzwa bya mmWave radar.
Zhihua Vacuum itanga ibisubizo byuzuye byo gukora antene za mmWave radar waveguide zifite ubuhanga. Umurongo wazo wo gukora irangi rihoraho ritambitse, rishingiye ku irangi rikoresha irangi, ugera ku gushyiramo icyuma gifite urwego rubiri cyangwa rwinshi mu buryo bumwe bwo gukora irangi hamwe n’uburyo buhamye bwo kugenzura no guhuza ibintu. Ugereranyije n’imashini gakondo yo gucapa electrode ya feza, electrode z’umuringa zikoresha magnetron zongerera ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu, kwizerwa, no kurwanya sulfure mu gihe zigabanya ikiguzi. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga no guhuza ingano zitandukanye za ceramic bitanga umusaruro mwinshi wo gukora ibintu byinshi. Hamwe n’imyaka irenga 30 mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga irangi rikoresha irangi, harimo PVD, PECVD, na ALD, Zhihua Vacuum itanga uburyo bwo guhuza ibikorwa byihariye kandi by’ibanga bivuye mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere binyuze mu gukora ibintu byinshi.
Uko ikoranabuhanga ryo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwikora n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge ritera imbere, ibisabwa kuri radar ya mmWave bikomeje kwiyongera. Iterambere kuva kuri antene za PCB microstrip kugeza kuri antene za waveguide, none kugeza ku miterere ya waveguide y'icyuma, bigaragaza uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora antene. Mu gutandukanya imiterere y'imiterere n'imikorere yo kuyobora, antene za waveguide y'icyuma zigira imikorere myiza ya electromagnetic no gukora neza, bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora radar. Uko siyansi y'ibikoresho n'ubuhanga bwo gukora bigenda bitera imbere, ubu buryo bwiteguye kugira uruhare runini muri sisitemu za radar za mmWave mu gihe kizaza.
-Iyi nkuru yasohotse nauruganda rukora ibikoresho byo gusiga irangi ry'umwukaZhenhua Vacuum
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-27-2026