Nyiaj yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hlau ntau tshaj plaws txog thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1930s, thaum nws yog thawj cov khoom siv yeeb yaj kiab rau cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag, feem ntau cov tshuaj plated hauv cov kua. Cov txheej txheem ua kua tshuaj plating yog siv los tsim cov iav siv rau hauv architecture, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov no ib txheej nyias ntawm tin tau siv los xyuas kom meej tias cov nyiaj zaj duab xis tau sib koom ua ke rau iav nto, uas tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm txheej txheej tooj liab. Nyob rau hauv sab nrauv daim ntaub ntawv, cov nyiaj reacts nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab poob nws cov luster vim yog tsim ntawm nyiaj sulfide. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias qhov kev xav tau siab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab nyiaj tsuas yog tom qab plating thiab qhov tseeb tias cov nyiaj evaporates yooj yim heev, nws tseem yog siv los ua cov khoom siv rau kev siv lub sij hawm luv luv. Nyiaj kuj feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau coatings ib ntus, xws li interferometer daim hlau rau xyuas flatness. Hauv ntu tom ntej, peb yuav ua tiav ntau dua nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab nyiaj nrog cov txheej tiv thaiv.
Nyob rau xyoo 1930, John Strong, tus pioneer hauv astronomical tsom iav, tau hloov tshuaj ua cov yeeb yaj kiab nyiaj nrog vapor-coated aluminium films.
Aluminium yog cov hlau feem ntau siv rau plating iav vim nws yooj yim ntawm evaporation, zoo ultraviolet, pom, thiab infrared reflectivity, thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau, nrog rau cov yas. Txawm hais tias nyias oxide txheej ib txwm ua rau saum npoo ntawm daim iav txhuas tam sim tom qab plating, uas yuav pab tiv thaiv kev xeb ntxiv ntawm daim iav saum npoo, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txhuas iav tseem maj mam txo qis thaum siv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias nyob rau hauv kev siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias lub txhuas daim iav yog kiag li raug rau sab nraud ua hauj lwm, plua plav thiab av inevitably sau rau ntawm daim iav nto, yog li txo cov reflectivity. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov twj paj nruag feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam loj los ntawm kev txo qis me ntsis hauv kev xav. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas lub hom phiaj yog los sau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb lub zog, vim nws nyuaj rau ntxuav cov iav txhuas yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem zaj duab xis, cov khoom plated yog ib ntus rov plated. Qhov no siv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau loj reflector telescopes. Vim hais tias cov iav tseem ceeb yog qhov loj thiab hnyav, cov iav tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsom iav raj feem ntau yog rov plated txhua xyoo nrog lub tshuab txheej tshwj xeeb uas tau teeb tsa hauv qhov kev soj ntsuam, thiab lawv feem ntau tsis tig thaum lub sij hawm evaporation, tab sis ntau qhov chaw evaporation yog siv los xyuas kom meej uniformity ntawm zaj duab xis thickness. Txhuas tseem siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau lub telescopes niaj hnub no, tab sis ib co ntawm cov newest telescopes yog vaporized nrog ntau dua metallic films uas muaj xws li ib tug silver tiv thaiv txheej.
Kub yog tej zaum cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws rau plating infrared reflective films. Txij li thaum qhov kev xav ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab kub txo qis sai hauv thaj tsam pom, hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab kub tsuas yog siv ntawm wavelengths siab tshaj 700 nm. Thaum kub plated rau iav, nws tsim ib zaj duab xis mos uas muaj kev puas tsuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, kub adheres rau chromium los yog npib tsib xee-chromium (cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj 80% npib tsib xee thiab 20% chromium) cov yeeb yaj kiab, yog li chromium los yog npib tsib xee-chromium feem ntau siv los ua ib txheej txheej ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab kub thiab cov iav substrate.
Rhodium (Rh) thiab platinum (Pt) qhov kev xav tau qis dua li lwm cov hlau tau hais los saum toj no, thiab lawv tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Ob leeg cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau ua raws li cov iav. Cov iav kho hniav feem ntau yog coated nrog rhodium vim tias lawv raug rau sab nraud phem heev thiab yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj cua sov. Rhodium zaj duab xis kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov iav ntawm qee lub tsheb, uas feem ntau yog pem hauv ntej nto reflectors nyob rau sab nraum lub tsheb, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau huab cua, kev tu, thiab kev saib xyuas ntxiv thaum ua kev kho mob. Cov kab ntawv dhau los tau sau tseg tias qhov zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab rhodium yog tias nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua li aluminium zaj duab xis.
– Zaj lus no yog tso tawm los ntawmtshuab nqus tsev txheej tshuab manufacturersGuangdong Zhenhua
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-27-2024