Ngenxa yemfuno eqhubekayo yokwahlukahlukana kweemarike, amashishini amaninzi kufuneka athenge oomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngokweenkqubo zemveliso yawo. Kwishishini lokugquma nge-vacuum, ukuba umatshini ungagqitywa ukusuka ekugqumeni kwangaphambili ukuya ekuqhumeni emva kokugquma, akukho kungenelela ngesandla kwinkqubo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa, yiloo nto ngokuqinisekileyo amashishini ayifunayo. Kumatshini omnye ukufezekisa ukuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi emininzi kuye kwaba yimfuno eqhelekileyo yamashishini ezixhobo zokugquma.
Izixhobo zokugquma nge-vacuum zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, nokuba ziimveliso ezincinci okanye ezinkulu, iimveliso zesinyithi okanye zeplastiki, okanye iiceramics, iitships, iibhodi zesekethe, iglasi kunye nezinye iimveliso, ngokusisiseko zonke ezo zinto kufuneka zibe kukugquma ngenkqubo yomphezulu ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe. Kwindlela yokugquma, kuqheleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukugquma nge-evaporation, ukugquma nge-magnetron okanye ukugquma nge-ion, kwaye kwiteknoloji yokulawula, kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha obuphambili kunye netekhnoloji ye-microelectronics, okwenza izixhobo zokugquma nge-vacuum zisebenze ngcono kwaye zibe nobuchwephesha bokuzenzekela.
Ukususela ekuhlaziyweni nasekuvulekeni, ishishini lokugquma i-vacuum liye lenza uphuhliso olukhulu kunye nenkqubela phambili, engabonakaliswa kuphela ekukhuleni okukhulu kwexabiso lemveliso kunye nemveliso, kodwa nakwiintlobo ngeentlobo, iinkcukacha kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa elibanzi. Oku kubonisa inyani yokuba uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ephezulu kuye kwakhuthaza kwaye kwaqhuba uphuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa kobuchwepheshe kwishishini lezixhobo ze-vacuum.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, izixhobo zokugquma i-vacuum eTshayina bezikhula ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yemfuno enkulu yamashishini. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokugquma i-vacuum ezineenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokugquma ziyanda kwaye imisebenzi yazo iya iphelela ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Ngokuphathelele imeko yasekhaya, kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo ingqalelo engakumbi kushishino lokugquma i-vacuum igxile kakhulu kwiMpuma yeTshayina, eMzantsi weTshayina. Amaphondo aseGuangdong, eZhejiang naseJiangsu aphambili kakhulu kwamanye amaphondo ngokubhekiselele kwinkxalabo yokugquma i-vacuum. Amashishini angaphezu kwama-5,000 okugquma i-vacuum asekhaya apho amaphondo aseGuangdong naseZhejiang anama-2,500 ewonke, afikelela kwi-50% yeshishini lokugquma i-vacuum lasekhaya elidlala indima entle kakhulu nebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni.
Okwangoku, umatshini wokugquma nge-vacuum usetyenziswa kwi-optics, iiglasi, ifilimu yeplastiki, isinyithi, izibane, iiseramikhi, iglasi, iplastiki engabizi kakhulu, kunye neethoyi zeplastiki ezahlukeneyo, imihombiso yemihla ngemihla yeplastiki, ubucwebe bokwenziwa, imihombiso yeKrisimesi, imihombiso yezixhobo zasekhaya, umatshini wokwenza isinyithi womphezulu wezixhobo zombane. Umatshini wokugquma nge-vacuum usetyenziswa kakhulu.
Abathengi abakwimaleko yokugquma imveliso badinga kakhulu, badla ngokuyazi into ekufuneka igqunywe ziimveliso zabo, kwaye bayazi nokuba kufuneka bagqume umaleko wefilimu kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Kodwa baninzi kakhulu abavelisi boomatshini bokugquma basekhaya nabangaphandle, umatshini wokugquma yonke imveliso unempembelelo enkulu. Kufuneka uthenge umatshini wokugquma nge-vacuum, kodwa andazi ukuba ndingakhetha njani ofanelekileyo kwinkampani yabo.
Ngenxa yoku, iingcali zinike ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo.
1, ngokwezinto ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa i-workpiece egqunyiweyo, kunye nohlobo lomphumo ogqunyiweyo ukuze kuthengwe uhlobo lomatshini wokugquma nge-vacuum. Umzekelo, ukuba sisebenza kakhulu kwi-hardware processing, kufuneka sithenge umatshini wokugquma nge-ion ene-arc eninzi okanye umatshini wokugquma nge-magnetron. Ukuba sisebenza kwi-plastic covering, umzekelo, ukuze senze ishishini lesigqubuthelo sezibane zeemoto, kufuneka sikhethe izixhobo zokugquma ngefilimu yokukhusela isibane.
2, Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iiparameter zenkqubo ezinokufezekiswa ngumatshini wokugquma nge-vacuum, ezifana nombala wokugquma, uburhabaxa, ukunamathela, njl.
3, Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iimeko zamandla ezixhobo, kunye nokuba zingakanani na izinto ezisetyenziswayo ngombane ngokusekelwe kulwakhiwo, kungenjalo iingxaki zamandla azinakulungiswa, izixhobo ezithengiweyo azinakusetyenziswa.
4, Kufuneka uqwalasele umthamo kunye nomgangatho ukuze ukhethe umatshini ofanelekileyo wokugquma nge-vacuum, khetha umatshini omncinci ongenakumelana nawo, ngelixa ukhetha omkhulu, kwelinye icala, ixabiso liya kuba phezulu, kwelinye icala, umthamo ogqithisileyo obangela inkcitho yezixhobo. Izixhobo zikhulu kakhulu, kwaye azifanelekanga ukuvelisa zonke iimveliso.
5, Imiba yesiza, ngokweemfuno zokuthenga ubungakanani beenkcukacha zomatshini wokugquma nge-vacuum ukuze kuchongwe ubungakanani bendawo efunekayo ukufaka izixhobo.
6. Ngaba iteknoloji yomenzi womatshini wokugquma i-vacuum iyaxhaswa? Ngaba ikho inkonzo yokulungisa? Xa uthenga, kungcono uvumele abavelisi bomatshini wokugquma i-vacuum bacebise umzi-mveliso othenge umatshini wokugquma, ukuze ubuze ngomgangatho walo matshini wokugquma, kwaye inkonzo injani?
7, Iimpawu zezixhobo eziphezulu. Uzinzo lwezixhobo kufuneka lube luhle, izixhobo kufuneka zithembeke. Umatshini wokugquma yinkqubo entsonkothileyo, equka i-vacuum, i-automation, i-mechanical kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi, ukungathembeki kwanoma yiyiphi na inxalenye enye kuya kubangela ukungazinzi kwenkqubo, kuya kuzisa ingxaki kwimveliso. Ngoko ke izixhobo ezizinzileyo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba ukhetho lwenxalenye nganye luthembekile. Abantu abaninzi abathenga umatshini wokugquma, baya kuthelekisa ngokwendalo. Umatshini wokugquma wesigidi esi-1 kunye nomatshini wokugquma wezigidi ezi-2 kulungiselelo olusisiseko zisenokungafani kakhulu, kodwa kubuchule beenkcukacha ezincinci, ukufezekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo komatshini wokugquma. Amagama alula kakhulu: ufumana into oyihlawulelayo.
8, Ukwazi ukuba iinkampani ezaziwayo kweli shishini zisebenzisa umatshini wokugquma wenkampani, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo yeyona ndlela ingenabungozi kangako yokukhetha. Ukongeza kwiinkampani ezaziwayo, kuquka umgangatho ozinzileyo kakhulu, udumo oluhle lweenkampani ezincinci neziphakathi, ngabahlobo, ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izixhobo zenkampani abazisebenzisayo. Ukuba ufuna ukukhuphisana nezi nkampani, khetha umatshini wokugquma ongekho mbi kunowakhe, uze uqeshe ingcali yokugquma enamava, ukuze iimveliso zakho zivule ngokukhawuleza intengiso.
9, Inkqubo yokumpompa iVacuum, ngokusisiseko zimbini iintlobo, enye yinkqubo yokumpompa i-diffusion, enye yinkqubo yokumpompa i-molecular. Inkqubo yokumpompa i-molecular yeyenkqubo yokumpompa ecocekileyo, akukho nto ibuya ngayo ioyile ye-diffusion pump, isantya sokumpompa sizinzile, kwaye ukonga amandla, iindleko zombane yinxalenye enkulu yemveliso kunye neendleko zokusebenza kumashishini okugquma. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwenkqubo yokumpompa kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi ukutshintshwa rhoqo kweoyile yokuthambisa, qaphela ukukhetha inombolo yophawu lweoyile, ukhetho olungalunganga kulula ukulonakalisa ipompo yokuthambisa.
10, Inkqubo yokufumanisa iVacuum. Okwangoku, ngokusisiseko yi-composite vacuum gauge, i-thermocouple gauge + i-ionization gauge indibaniselwano. Olu dibaniso kwinkqubo yokutshaja isixa esikhulu segesi equlethe i-element C, i-ionization gauge kulula ukuyityhefa, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwi-ionization gauge. Ukuba i-coating ine-gauge enkulu ye-element C, ungakhetha uqwalaselo lwe-capacitive film gauge.
11, Umbane ophuma kwiVacuum. Umbane wasekhaya kunye nomsantsa wombane ovela kwamanye amazwe usabonakala ngokucacileyo, ewe, ixabiso lilungile ngakumbi, umbane wasekhaya we-20KW IF umalunga nama-80,000, umbane we-IF ovela kwamanye amazwe umalunga nama-200,000. Ukusebenza kombane ovela kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuthembeka, uzinzo luya kuba ngcono. Umbane wasekhaya ngenxa yemvelaphi yawo kweli lizwe, unokuba ngcono kwinkonzo kunombane ovela kwamanye amazwe.
12, Inkqubo yoLawulo. Ngoku uninzi loomatshini bokugquma nge-vacuum lulawulo oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa umahluko kulawulo oluzenzekelayo usemkhulu kakhulu. Uninzi lwabo lusekwimeko ye-semi-automatic, ngokwenene lunokufikelela kulawulo oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, ukusebenza kweqhosha elinye lezixhobo zokugquma akuninzi kangako. Kwaye kulawulo oluzenzekelayo nokuba lunike i-interlock yokhuseleko eyaneleyo ekusebenzeni, imodyuli esebenzayo nayo ngumahluko omkhulu.
13, Nokuba kufuneka ulungiselele umgibe wobushushu obuphantsi iPolyCold. Umgibe wobushushu obuphantsi unokuthiwa luhlobo lwe-icing kwikhekhe, inokuphucula kakhulu isantya sokupompa, igesi econdayo kwigumbi lokucoca efakwe kwikhoyili ebandayo, icoce umoya kwigumbi lokucoca, ukuze umgangatho womaleko wefilimu ube ngcono. Ehlotyeni elishushu nelifumileyo, ukusetyenziswa komgibe wobushushu obuphantsi ngokuqinisekileyo kukhulu, kuphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Kubathengi, into abayifunayo ayikuko ukuba yimveliso enexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa kukutshintshiselana phakathi kophawu kunye nexabiso, ukukhetha uphawu olunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo kwaye luhambelane nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwabo. Xa abathengi abanesidingo esithile bejongene nokukhetha ababoneleli, uninzi lwabo lukhetha uphawu olunempembelelo okanye oluye lwaba kushishino iminyaka emininzi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-07-2022