I te mea kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia mō te kanorau o te mākete, he maha ngā umanga e hiahia ana ki te hoko i ngā mīhini me ngā taputapu rerekē e ai ki ā rātou tukanga hua. Mō te umanga paninga korehau, mēnā ka taea te whakaoti i tētahi mīhini mai i te tukatuka paninga-mua ki te tukatuka paninga-muri, kāore he wawaotanga ā-ringa i roto i te tukanga me te kore he huringa, koinei tonu te mea e hiahiatia ana e ngā umanga. I roto i te mīhini kotahi, kua noho te whakaurunga o ngā mahi maha hei tono noa mō ngā umanga taputapu paninga.
He mea noa te whakamahi i ngā taputapu paninga korehau i roto i ngā mahi ahumahi, ahakoa he iti, he nui rānei ngā hua, he mea whakarewa, he mea kirihou rānei, he mea uku, he mea maramara, he mea papa hiko, he mea karāhe me ētahi atu hua, ko te tikanga me pani katoa ēnei i mua i te whakamahinga. I roto i te tikanga paninga, he mea noa ake te whakamahi i te paninga mimiti, te paninga magnetron sputtering, te paninga ion rānei, ā, i roto i te hangarau whakahaere, ka whakamahia ngā hangarau rorohiko matatau ake me te hangarau microelectronics, kia pai ake ai te mahi a te taputapu paninga korehau, kia mohio ai hoki ki te aunoatanga.
Mai i te whakahoutanga me te whakatuwheratanga, kua tino whanake te umanga paninga korehau, ā, kua kitea tēnei i roto i te tipu nui o te uara putanga me te whakaputanga, tae atu ki ngā momo, ngā whakaritenga me te taumata hangarau whānui. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te meka kua whakatairangahia, kua akiakihia hoki te whanaketanga me te whakapai ake hangarau o te umanga taputapu korehau e te whanaketanga me te whakamahinga o te hangarau teitei.
I roto i ngā tau tekau kua pahure ake nei, kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā taputapu paninga korehau o Haina nā te nui o te tono a ngā umanga. Kei te piki haere ngā momo taputapu paninga korehau me ngā momo tukanga paninga, ā, kei te tino oti haere ā rātou mahi.
Mō te āhua o te whare, i ngā tau e rua kua pahure ake nei, ko te aro nui ki te umanga paninga korehau kei Haina ki te Rawhiti me Haina ki te Tonga. Kei mua rawa atu ngā kawanatanga o Guangdong, Zhejiang me Jiangsu i ētahi atu kawanatanga mō te āwangawanga paninga korehau. Neke atu i te 5,000 ngā umanga paninga korehau ā-whare, ā, neke atu i te 2,500 ngā kawanatanga o Guangdong me Zhejiang, tae atu ki te 50% o te umanga paninga korehau ā-whare, he tino pai, he mea nui hoki tēnei ki te whakatairanga.
I tēnei wā, e whakamahia ana te mīhini paninga korehau ki ngā whatu, mōhiti, kiriata kirihou, whakarewa, rama, uku, karāhe, kirihou iti te utu, me ngā momo taonga takaro kirihou, whakapaipai kirihou o ia rā, whakapaipai horihori, whakapaipai Kirihimete, whakapaipai taputapu whare, taputapu hiko, paninga whakarewa mata. He whānui te whakamahinga o te mīhini paninga korehau.
He nui te tono a ngā kaihoko mō te paparanga paninga hua, ā, e mōhio ana rātou he aha ngā mea e tika ana kia pania ki ā rātou hua, ā, e mōhio ana hoki rātou me pani he paparanga kiriata ki runga i te rauemi. Heoi, he maha rawa ngā kaihanga mīhini paninga o roto, o tāwāhi hoki, ā, he nui te pānga o te mīhini paninga mō te tukatuka hua katoa. Me hoko mīhini paninga korehau, engari kāore e mōhio me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi e tika ana mō tā rātou ake kamupene.
Mō tēnei, kua tūtohu ngā tohunga i ngā tohutohu e whai ake nei.
1, kia rite ki te rauemi o te mea mahi pania, me te momo pānga o te paninga, me hoko te momo mīhini paninga korehau. Hei tauira, mēnā he tukatuka taputapu te nuinga, me hoko he mīhini paninga katote maha-āwhata, he mīhini paninga magnetron sputtering rānei. Mēnā he paninga kirihou te mahi, hei tauira, hei mahi i te umanga uhi rama motuka, me whiriwhiri e tātou te taputapu paninga kiriata tiaki rama.
2, Me whai whakaaro ki ngā tawhā tukanga ka taea te whakatutuki mā te mīhini paninga korehau, pērā i te tae paninga, te taratara, te piri, me ētahi atu.
3, Me whai whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga hiko o ngā taputapu, me te nui o te hiko e pau ana i runga i te whirihoranga, ki te kore e kore e taea te whakatau i ngā raruraru hiko, kāore e taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu i hokona mai.
4, Me whai whakaaro ki te kaha me te kounga hei whiriwhiri i te mīhini paninga korehau tika. Kāore e taea te whai i te mīhini iti, engari ki te whiriwhiri koe i te mīhini nui, i tētahi taha, ka nui te utu, i tētahi taha, ka nui rawa te kaha ka moumou rauemi. He nui rawa ngā taputapu, ā, kāore e tika mō te hanga i ngā hua katoa.
5, Ngā take o te pae, kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga me hoko te rahi o ngā whakatakotoranga o te mīhini paninga korehau hei whakatau i te rahi o te wāhi e hiahiatia ana hei tāuta i ngā taputapu.
6, Kei te tautokona te hangarau o te kaihanga mīhini paninga korehau? He ratonga tiaki kei reira? I te wā e hoko ana, he pai ake te tuku i ngā kaihanga mīhini paninga korehau kia tūtohu i te wheketere nāna i hoko te mīhini paninga, kia pātai atu ai mō te kounga o tēnei mīhini paninga, ā, he pēhea te ratonga?
7, Ngā āhuatanga taputapu tino pai. Me pai te pumau o ngā taputapu, me pono hoki ngā taputapu tāpiri. He pūnaha uaua te mīhini paninga, tae atu ki te korehau, te aunoatanga, te mīhini me ētahi atu pūnaha maha, ko te kore pono o tētahi wāhanga ka puta he kore pumau o te pūnaha, ka puta he raruraru ki te whakaputanga. Nō reira, me whakarite he pono te whiriwhiri i ia wāhanga mō tētahi taputapu pumau. He maha ngā tāngata e hoko ana i tētahi mīhini paninga, ka whakataurite noa iho. Kāore pea i te tino rerekē te mīhini paninga 1 miriona me te mīhini paninga 2 miriona i roto i te whirihoranga taketake, engari ko te mōhio ki ētahi taipitopito iti, kia tutuki ai he mahi pumau o te mīhini paninga. Ko ngā kupu tino māmā: ka whiwhi koe i te mea e utua ana e koe.
8, Mā te mōhio ki ngā kamupene rongonui o te umanga e whakamahi ana i te mīhini paninga a te kamupene, koinei te huarahi iti rawa te mōrearea ki te whiriwhiri. Haunga ngā kamupene rongonui, kei roto ko ētahi kamupene kounga pumau, ingoa pai o ngā kamupene iti me te rahi-rahi, mā roto i ngā hoa, kia mārama ai ki ngā taputapu a te kamupene e whakamahia ana e rātou. Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakataetae ki ēnei kamupene, whiriwhiria he mīhini paninga kāore i te kino atu i a ia, kātahi ka utua he tohunga paninga mohio, kia tere ai te whakatuwheratanga o ngā hoko a ō hua.
9. E rua ngā momo o te pūnaha papu korehau, ko tētahi he pūnaha papu horapa, ko tētahi he pūnaha papu ngota. Nō te pūnaha papu ngota te pūnaha papu ngota, kāore he āhuatanga whakahoki hinu papu horapa, he pumau te tere o te papu, ā, he iti te penapena hiko, he wāhanga nui o te utu whakaputa me te whakahaere a ngā umanga paninga te whakapaunga hiko. He mea tino nui te tiaki auau i te pūnaha papu, inā koa te whakakapinga auau o te hinu whakahinuhinu, kia aro ki te whiriwhiri i te tau waitohu hinu, ki te he te whiriwhiri ka ngāwari te pakaru o te papu korehau.
10. Pūnaha kimi korehau. I tēnei wā, he huinga ine korehau whakakotahi, ine pāmahana me te ine whakakōkī. I te wā e utaina ana te nui o te hau kei roto te huānga C, ka ngāwari te paitini o te ine whakakōkī, ka pakaru te ine whakakōkī. Mena he nui te hau kei roto i te paninga, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i te whirihoranga ine kiriata capacitive.
11, Pūhiko hiko korehau. Kei te kitea tonu te rerekētanga i waenga i te pūhiko hiko ā-whare me te pūhiko hiko kawemai, he pai ake te utu, tata ki te 80,000 te pūhiko hiko IF ā-whare 20KW, ā, tata ki te 200,000 te pūhiko hiko IF kawemai. Ka pai ake te mahi me te pono o te pūhiko hiko kawemai. Nā te mea nō te whenua taketake te pūhiko hiko ā-whare, tera pea he pai ake te ratonga i te pūhiko hiko kawemai.
12, Pūnaha Whakahaere. Ināianei he maha ngā mīhini paninga korehau he mana whakahaere aunoa katoa, engari he nui tonu te rerekētanga o te mana whakahaere aunoa. Ko te nuinga o rātou kei roto tonu i te āhua haurua-aunoa, ka taea te whakatutuki i te mana whakahaere aunoa katoa, kāore i te nui te mahi pātene kotahi o te taputapu paninga. Ā, i roto i te mana whakahaere aunoa mēnā ka hoatu he hononga haumaru nui i roto i te mahi, he rerekētanga nui hoki te kōwae mahi.
13, Me whakarite rānei te mahanga pāmahana iti a PolyCold. Ka taea te kī he momo hukapapa te mahanga pāmahana iti, ka taea te whakapai ake i te tere o te papu, ka mimiti te hau whakapūpū i roto i te rūma korehau ki te koiri makariri, ka purea te āhuarangi i roto i te rūma korehau, kia pai ake ai te kounga o te paparanga kiriata. I te raumati wera me te makuku, ko te whakamahinga o te mahanga pāmahana iti he tino whakapai ake i te pai o te whakaputa.
Ki ngā kaihoko, ehara i te mea ko te hua iti rawa te utu e hiahiatia ana e rātou, engari he tauwhitinga i waenga i te waitohu me te utu, te whiriwhiri i te waitohu e tutuki ai ā rātou hiahia me te uru ki tā rātou tahua. Ina tūtaki ngā kaihoko me tētahi hiahia motuhake ki tētahi kōwhiringa kaiwhakarato, ka piki haere te tokomaha o rātou e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi waitohu whai mana, kua roa rānei e mahi ana i roto i te umanga.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-07-2022