1. Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Kev Xav Tau: Kev Tsav Tsheb Txawj Ntse Qib Siab Muab Cov Kev Xav Tau Tshiab rau Cov Qauv Antenna
Thaum kev tsav tsheb ntse hloov zuj zus mus rau NOA siab heev, radar millimeter-wave ntev uas saib mus tom ntej tab tom ntsib kev nyuaj siab rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo. Kev txhim kho hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm kev kuaj pom, kev daws teeb meem kaum sab xis, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm lub teeb liab ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau dua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm RF ntawm cov qauv antenna hauv qab.
Kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua lag luam ua rau qhov sib txawv no nce ntxiv. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Zoss Automotive Research, qhov ntim ntawm 4D millimeter-wave radar tau txog 2.737 lab units hauv xyoo 2024. Tus lej no xav tias yuav nce mus txog 11.06 lab units hauv xyoo 2025 thiab tshaj 50 lab units los ntawm xyoo 2030. Lub caij no, qhov nkag mus ntawm 4D millimeter-wave radar kwv yees tias yuav nce ntxiv los ntawm 26.0% hauv xyoo 2025 mus rau 54.5% hauv xyoo 2030. Raws li qhov sib koom ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm 4D radar thiab 4D ces kaum radar txuas ntxiv nce ntxiv, automotive millimeter-wave radar tab tom hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa sensing yooj yim mus rau qhov kev txhim kho system uas muaj qhov tseeb dua, kev daws teeb meem siab dua, thiab kev ruaj khov dua.
Ntawm 77 GHz zaus band, cov kav hlau txais xov PCB microstrip patch ib txwm muaj kev txwv lub cev xws li kev poob dielectric siab thiab kev siv hluav taws xob txwv, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm 300-meter-level ultra-long-range detection thiab 4D imaging. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, cov kav hlau txais xov waveguide qis-poob, siab-nce tau maj mam dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm siab automotive radar.
Tam sim no, cov kav hlau txais xov waveguide feem ntau yog muab faib ua cov hlau waveguides thiab cov yas metallized waveguides. Cov hlau waveguides muaj cov nqi machining siab thiab qhov hnyav hnyav, tsim cov bottlenecks rau kev tsim khoom loj. Cov yas metallized waveguides, uas muab cov kab 3D txhaj tshuaj nrog PVD conductive zaj duab xis deposition, muab cov txiaj ntsig engineering hauv kev tsim qauv sib dua thiab kev tsim khoom sib xws, thiab tab tom dhau los ua ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tsim kho vaj tse tsis tas txhais tau tias yuav loj hlob tuaj ntau. Txij li cov duab kos duab mus rau kev tsim khoom loj hauv tsheb, cov waveguides yas uas muaj hlau tseem yuav tsum kov yeej ntau yam teeb meem hauv cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem, thiab cov khoom siv.
2. Txij li qhov zoo ntawm kev tsim qauv mus rau qhov ruaj khov ntawm kev tsim khoom ntau: Cov hlau yas waveguides tseem ntsib teeb meem ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm
Nyob rau theem kuaj, cov kav hlau txais xov yas waveguide tuaj yeem ua tiav kev ua tau zoo RF los ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntau, kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txiaj ntsig feem ntau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua tiav project.
Rau cov qauv waveguide peb-seem uas nyuaj heev, kev txhaj tshuaj molding raug, cov khoom siv ruaj khov, qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw, kev ntxuav thiab kev kho ua ntej, kev teeb tsa qhov chaw, thiab cov txheej txheem PVD metallization txhua yam cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim kawg. Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauv ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam no yuav ua rau zaj duab xis tsis sib txuas, tsis txaus conductivity hauv zos, txo qis adhesion, lossis me ntsis deformation ntawm cov qauv, thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau RF cov cim xws li S-parameters, kev poob ntxig, thiab nce.
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom ntau ntawm qee cov khoom siv nyuaj, thawj qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua kom muaj hlau tseem yuav hloov pauv ntau. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tseem nyob ntawm qib qis rau lub sijhawm ntev, nws tsis yog tsuas yog txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom txhaj tshuaj pov tseg, tab sis kuj tseem nce ntxiv ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv, cov nqi zog ua haujlwm, thiab cov nqi tshuaj xyuas. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom antenna thiab cov khoom siv kho vajtse OEMs, qhov kev sib tw tiag tiag tsis yog tsuas yog seb cov khoom puas tuaj yeem coated, tab sis seb puas ruaj khov, rov ua dua, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv qab cov xwm txheej tsim khoom tas mus li.
Qhov no kuj txhais tau tias kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam rau cov kav hlau txais xov hlau yas uas muaj hlau yuav nthuav dav los ntawm sab tsim mus rau sab tsim khoom. Cov tuam txhab uas tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj lub qhov rais ruaj khov rau kev ua cov hlau nyuaj, kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv thermal, thiab kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom yuav zoo dua los ua kom tau txiaj ntsig zoo dua hauv cov saw hlau tsim khoom loj ntawm cov radar millimeter-wave automotive.
3. Qhov Tseem Ceeb Ua Rau Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Cov Khoom: Cov Qauv 3D Nyuaj Ua Rau Muaj Kev Xav Tau Ntau Dua Rau Cov Txheej Txheem PVD
Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv tiaj tiaj, cov kav hlau txais xov yas rau lub tsheb millimeter-wave radar feem ntau muaj cov qhov tob, qhov nqaim, qhov dig muag, phab ntsa sab nraud, thiab cov qauv kab peb-seem ntau txheej. Cov qauv no ua rau muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntau dua rau cov txheej txheem PVD metallization, feem ntau yog ob qho tib si.
3.1 Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev npog ntau hauv cov qauv nyuaj: Qhov tuab ntawm zaj duab xis tsis txaus tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov qhov tob thiab cov phab ntsa sab.
Kev tso PVD muaj qee qib ntawm kev coj ua. Thaum cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv waveguide peb-seem nyuaj, yog tias qhov chaw teeb tsa, kev pab ion, kev txav mus los, thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem tsis txaus, kev tso cov khoom tuab dua yuav tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig qhov qhib lossis ntug, thaum hauv qab ntawm cov qhov tob, phab ntsa sab hauv, thiab phab ntsa sab nraud yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev txheej nyias lossis txawm tias tsis txaus.
Rau 77 GHz txog 79 GHz millimeter-wave teeb liab, qhov kev sib txuas thiab kev ua hluav taws xob ntawm cov zaj duab xis hlau ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau RF kev xa xov zoo. Yog tias cov zaj duab xis hauv zos tsis txaus hauv cov qauv nyuaj, kev poob zog ntawm cov nthwv dej electromagnetic yuav nce ntxiv, cuam tshuam rau qhov poob ntawm kev ntxig, qhov nce, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm lub teeb liab. Yog li ntawd, kev ua kom cov yas waveguide metallization tsis yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim kho kom zoo nkauj, tab sis cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm metallization uas tsom mus rau RF kev ua tau zoo.
3.2 Cov Khoom Siv Yas Engineering Muaj Kev Ruaj Ntseg Kub: Kev Sib Sau Ua Ke Thaum Lub Sijhawm PVD Yuav Ua Rau Muaj Kev Hloov Pauv Ntawm Qhov Ntev
Cov kav hlau txais xov hlau uas ua los ntawm cov yas uas muaj hlau nplaum feem ntau siv cov yas engineering uas tau hloov kho xws li PPS. Txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv no muaj kev tiv taus cua sov zoo thiab ruaj khov, lawv tseem raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom me me, cov chaw nyob hauv plasma, thiab cov cua sov uas tso tawm tas mus li thaum lub sijhawm PVD.
Vim yog qhov kev ua haujlwm thermal conductivity tsawg ntawm cov yas engineering, yog tias kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom siv, kev tsim qauv txias, thiab kev tsim khoom tsis raug tswj hwm kom zoo, cov cua sov hauv zos tuaj yeem yooj yim sib sau ua ke, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thermal thiab me ntsis deformation. Rau millimeter-wave radar antennas, kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj me hauv cov qauv qhov tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv resonance thiab RF sib xws. Txawm tias qhov deformation me me kuj tseem yuav ua rau cov txiaj ntsig xeem kawg tsis sib xws ntawm cov qauv tsim.
Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv PVD rau cov kav hlau txais xov hlau yas yuav tsum daws ob qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tib lub sijhawm: kev npog cov qauv nyuaj thiab kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv thermal yas. Tsuas yog thaum qhov zoo ntawm zaj duab xis thiab qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab nthab ob leeg tuaj yeem ua tiav kev ua tau zoo RF downstream.
4. Zhenhua Lub Tshuab Nqus Tsev PVD Kev daws teeb meem: Ib txoj hauv kev rau qib system rau Automotive Radar Antenna Metallization
Yuav kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov radar yas waveguide hauv tsheb, Zhenhua Vacuum tau tsim cov kev daws teeb meem PVD ntau lawm uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas tsom mus rau kev ua cov qauv peb-seem uas nyuaj. Cov kev daws teeb meem no suav nrog cov qauv khoom siv, kev tswj cua txias, txoj kev tso dej, kev tsim khoom siv, thiab kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov qhov rai txheej txheem kom txhim kho kev sib npaug ntawm cov zaj duab xis, kev sib txuas ua ke, kev ruaj khov ntawm kev nplaum, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov yas.
4.1 Kev Tso Tawm High-Ionization thiab Optimized Target Layout Txhim Kho Kev Muaj Peev Xwm Hauv Cov Qauv Nyuaj
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov qhov tob, cov qhov tsis pom kev, thiab cov phab ntsa sab nraud, Zhenhua Vacuum tau ua kom zoo dua qhov system ion-assisted, magnetron sputtering system, thiab target source layout. Los ntawm kev ua kom cov hlau ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev faib tawm ntawm cov ces kaum, qhov kev daws teeb meem no txhim kho cov zaj duab xis hauv cov qauv peb-seem uas nyuaj.
Piv nrog cov khoom siv txheej txheej tiaj tiaj, cov kev daws teeb meem no muab qhov tseem ceeb dua rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov zaj duab xis hauv qab ntawm cov qhov tob, thaj chaw ntawm phab ntsa, thiab cov ces kaum ntawm cov qauv. Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txheej txheej hauv zos, kev txheej txheej tsis tiav, thiab kev coj hluav taws xob tsis txaus, yog li txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm cov zaj duab xis hlau hauv cov qauv waveguide nyuaj.
4.2 Kev Tswj Xyuas Txias Ntau Qib Txo Cov Kev Pheej Hmoo Loj Uas Ua Rau Kub Sib Sau Ua Ke
Txhawm rau daws qhov kub ntawm cov yas engineering thaum lub sijhawm ua PVD, Zhenhua Vacuum tau qhia txog kev tsim txias ntau theem rau hauv nws lub txheej txheem txheej txheem tas mus li. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm txias ib theem thiab sib xws, cua sov tsim thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm tuaj yeem tso tawm raws sijhawm, txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov cua sov hauv zos rau qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov yas substrates.
Qhov kev tsim no pab txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov pauv me me, kev sib tsoo, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv, ua rau lub qhov yas waveguide kom tswj tau qhov sib xws zoo dua thaum lub sijhawm metallization thiab muab lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev sim RF tom ntej.
4.3 Kev Tsim Chav Tsev Ywj Pheej Txhim Kho Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tsim Khoom Txuas Ntxiv Mus
Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem ib chav ib zaug, uas yooj yim rau kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cua sov, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab kev txwv sijhawm thaum lub sijhawm ntev, Zhenhua Vacuum siv cov qauv tsim khoom txuas ntxiv uas cov theem txheej txheem sib txawv tau ua tiav hauv cov chav ywj pheej.
Qhov kev tsim chav ywj pheej pab ua kom tiav kev cais tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem, kev tswj hwm takt, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov parameter, txo qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Cov khoom ua haujlwm tuaj yeem hloov pauv tas li ntawm cov chav ua haujlwm, thaum kev kho ua ntej, kev tso tawm, kev txias, thiab lwm cov kauj ruam txheej txheem tuaj yeem teeb tsa tau yooj yim raws li cov qauv khoom thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab xav tau. Qhov no muab lub hauv paus khoom siv ruaj khov dua rau kev tsim cov kav hlau txais xov yas loj.
5. Txij li Cov Khoom Siv mus rau Kev Txheeb Xyuas Txheej Txheem: Txhawb Kev Tsim Khoom Loj ntawm Yas Waveguide Antenna Metallization
Kev ua kom cov kav hlau txais xov hlau ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov hlau yas millimeter-wave radar tsis yog kev sib tw raws li ib qho khoom siv, tab sis kev sib tw ntawm cov peev xwm sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov qauv, cov txheej txheem, thiab cov khoom siv. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem PVD uas tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom ntau yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov hauv qab no: zaj duab xis yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas zoo thiab kev ua hluav taws xob zoo; cov qauv sab hauv nyuaj yuav tsum ua tiav kev npog ruaj khov; cov yas substrate yuav tsum tswj hwm qhov ruaj khov thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm; kev tsim khoom ntau yuav tsum rov ua dua thiab sib xws; thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav tsum sib xws nrog kev sim RF tom qab thiab kev lees paub qib tsheb.
Zhenhua Vacuum txoj kev daws teeb meem PVD ntau lawm tas mus li tau tsim los ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb no. Cov kev daws teeb meem no tuaj yeem muab cov txheej txheem kuaj thiab kev ua kom zoo dua raws li cov qauv qauv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov khoom siv, cov yeeb yaj kiab xav tau, thiab cov hom phiaj muaj peev xwm. Nws pab cov neeg siv khoom txheeb xyuas qhov tuab ntawm zaj duab xis, lub peev xwm npog, kev nplaum, kev ua hluav taws xob, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom, muab lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm RF, suav nrog S-parameters, kev poob ntawm kev ntxig, thiab qhov nce.
Xaus lus
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab ntsuas radar millimeter-wave hauv tsheb zoo li yog kev sib tw ntawm cov chips, algorithms, thiab cov qauv system. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qib tob dua, nws yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem, thiab cov khoom siv tsim khoom siab.
Rau cov kav hlau txais xov hlau uas ua los ntawm cov yas uas muaj hlau nplaum, qhov zoo ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm kev poob qis, qhov nce siab, thiab cov qauv sib dua yuav tsum tau ua tiav los ntawm kev ruaj khov, rov ua dua, thiab nthuav dav. Cov khoom siv hlau nplaum PVD tsis yog tsuas yog cov cuab yeej tsim khoom rau kev txheej saum npoo xwb; nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm zaj duab xis, kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tsim khoom loj.
-Tsab xov xwm no yog luam tawm los ntawm Zhenhua Vacuum, ib lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm Cov khoom siv PVD metallization rau cov kav hlau txais xov yas waveguide.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-19-2026