Gabatarwar tarihin fasahar haɓakar evaporation

Tsarin dumama m kayan a cikin wani babban injin yanayi to sublimate ko ƙafe da kuma saka su a kan wani musamman substrate don samun bakin ciki fim da aka sani da injin evaporation shafi (ana magana a matsayin evaporation shafi).

Tarihin shirye-shiryen fina-finai na bakin ciki ta hanyar tsarin ƙafewar iska za a iya gano su a cikin shekarun 1850. A cikin 1857, M. Farrar ya fara ƙoƙari na rufe fuska ta hanyar kwashe wayoyi na ƙarfe a cikin nitrogen don samar da fina-finai na bakin ciki. Saboda karancin fasahar injina a wancan lokacin, shirya fina-finai na bakin ciki ta wannan hanya ya dauki lokaci mai yawa kuma ba aiki ba ne. Har zuwa shekara ta 1930, an kafa tsarin sarrafa famfo na haɗin gwiwa na injin famfo, fasahar injin za ta iya haɓaka cikin sauri, kawai don sa ƙashin ƙura da sputtering ɗin ya zama fasaha mai amfani.

Ko da yake vacuum evaporation tsohuwar fasahar adana fim ce ta bakin ciki, amma ita ce dakin gwaje-gwaje da wuraren masana'antu da ake amfani da su ta hanyar da aka fi sani. Babban fa'idodinsa shine aiki mai sauƙi, sauƙin sarrafa sigogin ajiya da babban tsarki na fina-finai da aka samu. Za'a iya raba tsarin rufewa zuwa matakai uku masu zuwa.

1) tushen kayan yana mai zafi kuma yana narke don ƙafe ko ƙasa; 2) Ana cire tururi daga kayan tushe don ƙafe ko ƙasa.

2) Ana canja wurin tururi daga kayan tushe zuwa ga substrate.

3) A tururi condens a kan substrate surface ya samar da wani m fim.

Vacuum evaporation na bakin ciki fina-finai, kullum su ne polycrystalline fim ko amorphous fim, fim zuwa tsibirin girma ne rinjaye, ta hanyar nucleation da fim biyu matakai. Ƙwaƙwalwar zarra (ko kwayoyin halitta) suna yin karo tare da ƙasa, wani ɓangare na abin da aka makala na dindindin, wani ɓangare na adsorption sannan kuma ya ƙafe daga ƙasa, da kuma wani ɓangaren hangen nesa kai tsaye daga saman ƙasa. Mannewa saman saman atom (ko kwayoyin halitta) saboda motsin zafi na iya motsawa tare da saman, kamar taba sauran kwayoyin halitta zai taru cikin gungu. Matsaloli sun fi faruwa a inda damuwa a saman ƙasa ya yi girma, ko kuma a kan matakan warware matakan kristal, saboda wannan yana rage ƙarancin kuzarin ƙwayoyin atom. Wannan shine tsarin nucleation. Ci gaba da ƙaddamar da kwayoyin halitta (kwayoyin halitta) suna haifar da faɗaɗa gungu masu siffar tsibiri (nuclei) da aka ambata a sama har sai an ƙara su cikin fim mai ci gaba. Sabili da haka, tsari da kaddarorin fina-finai na polycrystalline mai ƙafewa suna da alaƙa da alaƙa da ƙimar evaporation da zafin jiki na substrate. Gabaɗaya magana, ƙananan zafin jiki na ƙasa, mafi girman ƙimar ƙawancen ruwa, mafi kyau kuma mafi ƙarancin ƙwayar fim.

–An fitar da wannan labarininjin shafa injin injinGuangdong Zhenhua