Maselo a Photovoltaic ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumlengalenga, m'magulu ankhondo ndi m'madera ena kumayambiriro kwa photon - M'zaka 20 zapitazi, mtengo wa maselo a photovoltaic watsika kwambiri kuti alimbikitse photovoltaic yodumphira m'mapanga m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, mphamvu yonse yoyikidwa ya PV ya dzuwa padziko lonse lapansi idafika pa 616GW, ndipo ikuyembekezeka kufika pa 50% ya mphamvu yonse yopanga mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi pofika chaka cha 2050. Chifukwa cha zinthu za semiconductor za photovoltaic zomwe zimayamwa kuwala zimapezeka makamaka mu ma microns ochepa mpaka mazana a ma microns makulidwe ndipo mawonekedwe a semiconductor pamwamba pa selo ndi ofunikira kwambiri, kotero kuti ukadaulo wa vacuum thin film uli ndi ntchito zambiri popanga magetsi a dzuwa.
Maselo a photovoltaic opangidwa ndi mafakitale amagawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: maselo a solar a silicon a crystalline ndi maselo a solar a thin film. Ukadaulo wamakono wa maselo a silicon a crystalline umaphatikizapo ukadaulo wa passivated emitter ndi backside cell (PERC), ukadaulo wa heterojunction (HJT), ukadaulo wa backside full diffusion (PERT), ndi ukadaulo wa cell wa tunneled oxide passivated contact (Topcon). Ntchito za mafilimu opyapyala m'maselo a silicon a crystalline zimaphatikizapo passivation, reflection reduction, P/N doping, ndi conductivity. Ukadaulo waukulu wa batri ya thin-film umaphatikizapo cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide, ndi chalcogenide. Mafilimu opyapyala amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati kuwala koyamwa, conductive layer, ndi zina zotero. Kukonzekera mafilimu opyapyala m'maselo a photovoltaic nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo wa vacuum coating.
– Nkhaniyi yatulutsidwa ndiwopanga makina ophikira vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-12-2023