1. Makina ophikira a cathode ion opanda kanthu ndi makina ophikira a arc ion opanda kanthu Mfuti ya cathode yopanda kanthu ndi mfuti ya arc ya waya wotentha zimayikidwa pamwamba pa chipinda chophikira, anode imayikidwa pansi, ndipo ma coil awiri amagetsi amayikidwa pamwamba ndi pansi pa chipinda chophikira pe...
1. Chophimba cha ion beam sputtering Pamwamba pa chinthucho pamakhala ion beam yapakati-mphamvu, ndipo mphamvu ya ion silowa mu crystal lattice ya chinthucho, koma imasamutsa mphamvuyo ku maatomu omwe akufuna, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti atuluke pamwamba pa chinthucho, kenako ...
Mu 2009, pamene maselo a calcite thin-film anayamba kuonekera, mphamvu yosinthira inali 3.8% yokha, ndipo inawonjezeka mofulumira kwambiri, Unit 2018, mphamvu ya labotale yapitirira 23%. Fomula yoyambira ya molekyulu ya chalcogenide compound ndi ABX3, ndipo malo a A nthawi zambiri amakhala ayoni yachitsulo, monga Cs+ ...
Kuyika nthunzi ya mankhwala achilengedwe (MOCVD), komwe kumachokera mpweya wa organic compound gas, ndipo njira yoyambira yoyikamo mpweya ndi yofanana ndi CVD. 1.MOCVD gasi wosaphika Gwero la mpweya lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa MOCVD ndi mpweya wa organic compound (MOC). Ma organic compounds achitsulo ndi okhazikika...
Maselo a dzuwa opyapyala akhala malo ofufuzira kwambiri mumakampaniwa, magwiridwe antchito angapo osinthira mphamvu amatha kufikira 20% ya ukadaulo wa batri wopyapyala, kuphatikiza batri wopyapyala wa cadmium telluride (CdTe) ndi batri wopyapyala wa copper indium gallium selenide (CICS, Cu, In, Ga, Se abbreviation) wopyapyala wa...
Makanema ambiri owonera amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina owonetsera ma crystal amadzimadzi. Makina owonetsera ma LCD okhala ndi ma projection optical amakhala ndi gwero la kuwala (nyali yachitsulo ya halide kapena nyali ya mercury yothamanga kwambiri), makina owunikira (kuphatikiza makina owunikira ndi kusintha kwa polarization...
Ulusi wa tungsten umatenthedwa kufika kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumatulutsa ma elekitironi otentha kuti atulutse mtsinje wa ma elekitironi okwera kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo electrode yofulumira imayikidwa kuti ifulumizitse ma elekitironi otentha kukhala mtsinje wa ma elekitironi okwera kwambiri. Kuyenda kwa ma elekitironi okwera kwambiri komanso amphamvu kwambiri kumatha kukhala kochulukira...