Kupopera kwa Magnetron kumaphatikizapo makamaka kunyamula kwa plasma, kupukuta kwa chandamale, kuyika filimu yopyapyala ndi njira zina, mphamvu ya maginito pa njira yopopera ya magnetron idzakhala ndi mphamvu. Mu dongosolo la magnetron sputtering kuphatikiza mphamvu ya maginito ya orthogonal, ma elekitironi amakhudzidwa ndi...
Makina opopera vacuum pamakina opopera ali ndi zofunikira izi: (1) Makina opopera vacuum ayenera kukhala ndi liwiro lalikulu lopopera, lomwe siliyenera kungotulutsa mpweya wotulutsidwa kuchokera ku substrate ndi zinthu zomwe zasanduka nthunzi komanso zigawo zomwe zili mu makina opopera vacuum ...
Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa makina ang'onoang'ono osinthasintha a PVD vacuum plaster ndi kusinthasintha kwawo. Makina awa adapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a substrate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zazing'ono kapena zopangidwa mwamakonda. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwake kochepa komanso...
Pamene maatomu a nembanemba ayamba kuikidwa, kuphulika kwa ma ion kumakhala ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi pa mawonekedwe a nembanemba/substrate. (1) Kusakaniza thupi. Chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kwa ma ion amphamvu kwambiri, kuphulika kwa maatomu osungidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa maatomu pamwamba ndi zochitika za kugundana kwa cascade, ndi ...
Makhalidwe a magnetron sputtering coating (3) Kuchepa kwa mphamvu yotulutsa. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yotsika ya cathode yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa cholinga, plasma imamangidwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito yomwe ili pafupi ndi cathode, motero imaletsa tinthu tamphamvu kwambiri kumbali ya substrate yomwe anthu adawombera. ...
Poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wina wokutira, wokutira wa magnetron sputtering umadziwika ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: magawo ogwira ntchito ali ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwamphamvu kwa liwiro loyika zokutira ndipo makulidwe (mkhalidwe wa malo okutira) amatha kulamulidwa mosavuta, ndipo palibe kapangidwe...
Ukadaulo wothandizidwa ndi chitsulo cha ion ndi ukadaulo wopangira utoto wa ion beam ndi nthunzi wophatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo wopangira zinthu zophatikizika pamwamba pa ion. Mukusintha pamwamba pa zinthu zolowetsedwa ndi ion, kaya ndi zinthu za semiconductor kapena zida zaukadaulo, ndi wa...
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu ndi kupita patsogolo kwachitika pankhani yaukadaulo wopaka utoto wa vacuum. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha khama losatopa poyesa ndi kufufuza. Pakati pa makina ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda uno, makina opaka utoto wa vacuum ndi zida zofunika kwambiri kuti...
Ukadaulo wa CVD umachokera ku reaction ya mankhwala. Kachitidwe kamene ma reactants ali mu mkhalidwe wa gaseous ndipo chimodzi mwa zinthuzo chili mu mkhalidwe wolimba nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa CVD reaction, chifukwa chake dongosolo lake la chemical reaction liyenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zitatu zotsatirazi. (1) Pa kutentha kwa deposition...
Mu ukadaulo wozindikira kuwala pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa ma spectral, pali njira zitatu zowunikira zoyimira UV-visible spectrophotometry (photoelectric colorimetry), kusanthula kwa fluorescence, ndi kusanthula kwa raman, motsatana, kuti akwaniritse milingo yosiyanasiyana ya kuzindikira kwa biomedical kwa minofu, ce...