I. Nchịkọta
Nnukwu ihe mkpuchi anya nke atụmatụ atụmatụ bụ ngwaọrụ maka idobe ihe nkiri dị mkpa n'otu n'otu n'elu ihe ngwa anya atụmatụ. A na-ejikarị ihe nkiri ndị a na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ nke ngwa anya, dị ka ntụgharị uche, nnyefe, mgbochi ntụgharị, ntụgharị uche, nzacha, mirror na ọrụ ndị ọzọ. A na-ejikarị akụrụngwa na ngwa anya, laser, ngosi, nkwukọrịta, ikuku ikuku na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Nke abụọ, ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke mkpuchi anya
Ihe mkpuchi anya bụ usoro na-agbanwe njirimara anya nke ihe ngwa anya (dịka oghere, nzacha, prism, eriri anya, ihe ngosi, wdg) site n'itinye otu ma ọ bụ karịa n'ígwé nke ihe (na-emekarị ígwè, seramiiki, ma ọ bụ oxide) n'elu ya. Ihe nkiri ihe nkiri ndị a nwere ike ịbụ ihe nkiri na-egbuke egbuke, ihe nkiri mgbasa ozi, ihe nkiri na-emegide echiche, wdg. Ụzọ mkpuchi ndị a na-emekarị bụ nsị anụ ahụ (PVD), ntinye mmiri nke mmiri ọgwụ (CVD), nkwụsịtụ sputtering, mkpuchi evaporation na ihe ndị ọzọ.
Nke atọ, akụrụngwa mejupụtara
Nnukwu akụrụngwa mkpuchi ngwa anya na-agụnyekarị akụkụ ndị a:
Ụlọ mkpuchi: Nke a bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke usoro mkpuchi ahụ ma na-abụkarị ụlọ oghere. A na-eme mkpuchi mkpuchi site na ịchịkwa agụụ na ikuku. Iji mee ka mma mkpuchi dị mma ma na-achịkwa ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ijikwa kpọmkwem gburugburu ebe obibi nke ụlọ mkpuchi.
Isi iyi evaporation ma ọ bụ isi iyi sputtering:
Isi iyi evaporation: Ihe a ga-edobere na-ekpo ọkụ ka ọ bụrụ ọnọdụ ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-abụkarị site na evaporation eletrọn ma ọ bụ evaporation thermal, wee tinye ya na ngwa anya n'ime oghere.
Isi iyi na-agbasa: Site na iji ion ume dị elu na-emetụta ebumnuche, atom ma ọ bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe nke ebumnuche ahụ na-apụ apụ, bụ nke na-emecha dobe n'elu anya iji mepụta ihe nkiri.
Usoro ntụgharị: Ọ dị mkpa ka a gbanwee ihe nlele anya n'oge usoro mkpuchi iji hụ na a na-ekesa ihe nkiri ahụ nke ọma n'elu ya. Usoro ntụgharị na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na-agbanwe agbanwe na usoro mkpuchi.
Usoro Vacuum: A na-eji usoro ikuku na-enye ebe nrụgide dị ala, na-emekarị site na usoro mgbapụta na-ekpochapụ ụlọ mkpuchi ahụ, na-eme ka usoro mkpuchi ahụ ghara imebi ihe na-adịghị ọcha na ikuku, na-eme ka ihe nkiri dị elu.
Sistemụ nha na njikwa: gụnyere sensọ maka nleba anya ọkpụrụkpụ ihe nkiri (dị ka sensọ QCM), njikwa okpomọkụ, njikwa ike, wdg, iji chịkwaa nke ọma usoro mkpuchi.
Usoro oyi: Okpomọkụ a na-eme n'oge usoro mkpuchi nwere ike imetụta àgwà nke ihe nkiri ahụ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke ngwa anya, n'ihi ya, a chọrọ usoro nhazi nke ọma iji nọgide na-enwe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.
4. Ngwa ngwa
N'ichepụta akụkụ anya: A na-eji akụrụngwa mkpuchi eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'imepụta ngwa anya dị ka lenses anya, microscopes, telescopes, na anya igwefoto. Site na ụdị mkpuchi dị iche iche, ihe ndị na-ahụ anya nwere ike ime ka ọ dịkwuo mma maka ntụgharị uche, ntụgharị uche, ntụgharị uche pụrụ iche, nzacha, wdg, iji meziwanye àgwà oyiyi, nchapụta na ọdịiche.
Ngosipụta teknụzụ: N'ime usoro mmepụta nke ihe ngosi kristal mmiri (LCD), diode organic light-emitting diode (OLED) na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ, a na-eji teknụzụ mkpuchi mee ka mmetụta ngosi dịkwuo mma, kwalite agba, ọdịiche na ikike ntụgharị uche.
Ngwá ọrụ laser: N'ime usoro nhazi nke lasers na laser optical components (dị ka lenses laser, enyo, wdg), a na-eji nkà na ụzụ mkpuchi mee ihe iji dozie ntụgharị uche na njirimara nnyefe nke laser iji hụ na mmepụta ike na nnyefe nke laser.
Igwe fotovoltaic nke anyanwụ: Na mmepụta nke oghere anyanwụ, a na-eji mkpuchi anya eme ihe iji melite arụmọrụ ngbanwe fotoelectric. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mkpuchi mkpuchi nke ihe nkiri na-emegide ihe nkiri n'elu ihe fotovoltaic nwere ike ibelata ọkụ ọkụ, si otú a na-eme ka ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ anyanwụ dịkwuo mma.
Aerospace: N'ime ikuku ikuku, oghere anya anya, ihe mmetụta anya, telescopes na ngwá ọrụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa ka a na-ekpuchi ya iji mee ka nguzogide radieshon ha dị elu, nguzogide okpomọkụ na mmetụta mgbochi iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nkịtị nke akụrụngwa na gburugburu ebe siri ike.
Sensọ na ngwá ọrụ: Ejiri ya maka ngwaọrụ ziri ezi, sensọ infrared, ihe mmetụta anya na mmepụta ngwá ọrụ ndị ọzọ, mkpuchi nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ ha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe mmetụta infrared na-achọkarị mkpuchi ihe nkiri ka ọ bụrụ nke ọma iji nwee ike nzacha nke ọma ma gafere n'ogologo ọkụ dị iche iche.
V. Ihe ịma aka teknụzụ na usoro mmepe
Njikwa ihe nkiri ihe nkiri: N'ime nnukwu ihe mkpuchi anya nke atụmatụ atụmatụ, na-eme ka ịdị n'otu na ịdị n'otu nke ihe nkiri ahụ bụ nsogbu teknụzụ. Obere mgbanwe okpomọkụ, mgbanwe gas mejupụtara ma ọ bụ mgbanwe nrụgide n'oge usoro mkpuchi nwere ike imetụta àgwà nke ihe nkiri ahụ.
Teknụzụ mkpuchi mkpuchi multilayer: Ngwa ngwa anya dị elu na-achọkarị usoro ihe nkiri multilayer, na akụrụngwa mkpuchi ga-enwe ike ịchịkwa oke na ihe mejupụtara nke ihe nkiri ọ bụla iji nweta nsonaazụ anya chọrọ.
ọgụgụ isi na akpaaka: Site na ọganihu nke nkà na ụzụ, ngwá ọrụ mkpuchi n'ọdịnihu ga-enwekwu ọgụgụ isi na akpaaka, nwee ike nyochaa ma gbanwee paramita dị iche iche na usoro mkpuchi n'oge, melite mmepụta mmepụta na àgwà ngwaahịa.
Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa ike: Site na iwu siri ike nke iwu gburugburu ebe obibi, akụrụngwa mkpuchi anya kwesịrị ibelata oriri ike ma belata nsị nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ. N'otu oge ahụ, mmepe nke ihe mkpuchi na usoro ndị ọzọ na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi bụkwa ntụziaka dị mkpa nke nchọpụta ugbu a.
SOM2550 na-aga n'ihu magnetron sputtering ngwa mkpuchi anya
Uru akụrụngwa:
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–E wepụtara akụkọ aonye na-emepụta igwe mkpuchi ikukuGuangdong Zhenhua
Oge nzipu: Jan-24-2025