Kwiinkqubo zokugquma nge-vacuum, ukufana phantse kusoloko kuyingxaki eqhubekayo ejongene nabavelisi bezinto. Kwiindawo zokuhombisa iimoto, naluphi na utshintsho kubukhulu bokugquma lubonakala ngokuthe ngqo njengokuphambuka kombala okubonakalayo okanye ukukhanya okungaguqukiyo. Kwizinto ezisebenzayo ezibonakalayo ezifana nezigqubuthelo zokukhanya ezikufutshane okanye iiphaneli zokuchukumisa, iileya ezingalinganiyo zinokuphazamisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwaye zonakalise amava okubona ngokubanzi.
Enyanisweni, iisampulu ezifanayo zinokufumaneka kwilebhu, kodwa ngexesha lokuveliswa ngobuninzi kwimizi-mveliso, imiba efana "nobukhulu obuphakathi, obuncinci obuphakathi" okanye "ukuphambuka kwe-batch-to-batch" kuyenzeka rhoqo. Ke ngoko, ukufana kube yingxaki engenakuphepheka kulo lonke ishishini lokugquma.
I. Kutheni le nto kunzima kangaka ukufezekisa ubunye?
1. Ukwambathisa Umphunga: Ukungalingani Kwangaphakathi Kokusasazwa Kweenxalenye
Umgaqo wokufaka i-vacuum coating usekelwe kwiinkqubo zomzimba okanye zeekhemikhali ezifunxa izinto ezisisiseko phantsi kwe-vacuum, nto leyo evumela ukuba zifudukele kwicala elithile kwaye zijike zibe yifilimu encinci kumphezulu we-substrate.
Ukuxhathisa ukufuma kwe-evaporation yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhombisa iimoto. Indlela esebenza ngayo ilula: xa umthombo wokufuma (umz., i-tungsten filament crucible equlethe izinto zokugquma) ufudunyezwa ngombane, loo nto iyakhawuleza ukufuma, isasazeke ngaphandle kwi-conical plume.
Uphawu lwale plume lucacile: indawo ye-substrate ejongene ngqo nomthombo ifumana i-densest particle flux, nto leyo ebangela ifilimu etyebileyo kunye nesantya sokubeka ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-substrates ezisemaphethelweni zifikelelwa zii-particles ezihamba kwii-engile ezi-oblique. Indlela ende kunye nokungqubana okunokwenzeka neendonga zegumbi kubangela ukulahleka kwee-particles, okunciphisa ukubekeka kwiindawo ezisemaphethelweni. Oku kukhokelela kwisiphumo esaziwayo "esiphakathi, esincinci-esiphakathi" - isizathu esiphambili sokuba ii-evaporation coatings zilwe nokufana.
Umzekelo: xa ugquma i-center console trim enobude obuyimitha e-1, ummandla ophakathi unokufikelela kubukhulu obuyi-200 nm, ngelixa ummandla osemaphethelweni unokufikelela kwi-130 nm kuphela—ukuphambuka okungaphezulu kwe-35%, ngaphezulu kakhulu kokunyamezelana kweshishini okungu-≤5%.
2. Ijiyometri eNcinci: Imiqobo yoBume bokuBekwa kweeParticles
Iindawo zokuhombisa iimoto zihlala zizinto ezinemilinganiselo emithathu. Ngokungafaniyo nezinto ezisicaba ezifana neglasi yefowuni okanye iilensi ze-optical, zine-curvature engaphezulu, ii-engile, kunye neenkcukacha zoyilo. Ubunzima bezi geometri buyandisa umahluko wee-engile ze-deposition.
Umzekelo oqhelekileyo yimpembelelo yomthunzi: iimpawu ezijijekileyo kwiindawo ezigobileyo zisebenza njengezithintelo, zithintela ukuhamba kweentwana ukuba zingafikeleli kwiindawo ezigobileyo. Umzekelo, kwindawo yesibane esifana no-U, icala elijijekileyo langaphandle lifumana ngokuthe ngqo iintwana ezijongileyo, zenze iingubo ezixineneyo nezixineneyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, indawo engaphakathi ixhomekeke kwiintwana ezisasazekileyo okanye eziboniswa ludonga lwegumbi, ezifika ngamanani amancinci kwaye zinamandla aphantsi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiifilimu ezinemingxuma okanye ezincinci.
Okunzima ngakumbi kukuphazamiseka kobume obuncinci. Ezinye iiphaneli zokusika zineempawu ezibrashiweyo okanye ezifakwe i-embossed ezinobunzulu obuyi-10–20 μm—ngokuthelekiswa nobukhulu bokugquma. Ngexesha lokufakwa, "iincochoyi" ziqokelela iileya ezityebileyo ngenxa yokuqokelelana kweesuntswana, ngelixa "iintlambo" zifumana iisuntswana ezimbalwa, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zibe neengubo ezibhityileyo. Nangona ukungalingani okunjalo okuncinci kungasoloko kubonakala emehlweni, kunokuphazamisa ukuvakala kokuchukumisa (umz., uburhabaxa bendawo) kunye nokuqina (iindawo ezincinci ezithambekele ekukrwelekeni nasekuxobukeni).
II. Ukwaleka ngamanyathelo amaninzi: Umngcipheko wongcoliseko lwesibini
Iingubo zokuhombisa zeemoto zihlala zifuna indibaniselwano yomaleko wokuhombisa kunye nengubo ekhuselayo. Umzekelo, iilogo ezikhanyisiweyo zinokuqala zibeke umaleko obonakalisayo wesinyithi, zilandelwe ngumaleko okhuselayo weSiO₂ wokumelana nokurhawuzelelwa.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-vacuum coaters eziqhelekileyo azikwazi ukugqiba omabini la manyathelo kumjikelo omnye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ukuqhutywa kwamagumbi amabini ahlukeneyo. Oku kungenisa ungcoliseko lwesibini. Emva kokugqunywa kokuqala, iindawo kufuneka zisuswe kwaye zibekwe emoyeni ongqongileyo ngaphambi kokuba kuqhunywe okwesibini. Ngexesha lokutshintshelwa kolu tshintsho, iindawo zinokuqokelela uthuli, ukufuma, okanye iminwe. Kwanakwiindawo ezilawulwa ngokuqinileyo, iinxalenye eziphuma emoyeni zisenokuhlala.
Xa umaleko wesibini ubekwe, ezi zinto zingcolisayo zithintela ukunamathela okanye zibangele ukuphambuka kobukhulu bendawo. Umzekelo, uthuli kumaleko wesiseko sesinyithi lunokubangela ukuba uqweqwe olukhuselayo olulandelayo lwenze amadyungudyungu, nto leyo eyonakalisa ukufana kwaye inciphise ukumelana nokuguguleka.
III. I-ZHENHUA Vacuum ZCL1417: Izisombululo ezijolise kwiingxaki zokufana
Ukujongana nale micimbi ibalulekileyo, i-ZCL1417 Automotive Coating System evela kwi-ZHENHUA Vacuum yazisa izinto ezintsha ekudibaniseni inkqubo, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo, kunye noyilo lomsebenzi, kwaye sele yamkelwe ngokubanzi ngabavelisi abaphambili bezixhobo zeemoto.
1. Ukuhlanganiswa kweenkqubo ezininzi ukuze koyiswe imida yokuphuma komoya
Le nkqubo idibanisa ukutshiza kwe-DC magnetron, ukutshiza kwe-mid-frequency (MF), i-CVD, kunye nokuphuma kokumelana ngaphakathi kweqonga elinye. Le ndlela yemithombo emininzi ivumela ukuhamba kwee-particle ukusuka kwii-engile ezininzi, inciphisa ukuphambuka kobukhulu kwaye idlule imigangatho yokufana kweshishini. Abathengi banokutshintsha okanye badibanise iinkqubo ngokuguquguqukayo ukuze bahlangabezane neemfuno zejometri ezintsonkothileyo kunye nezicelo ezahlukeneyo zokuhombisa.
2. Ukuhombisa ngeSijikelezo esinye + Ukukhusela Ukwaleka, Ukususa Ungcoliseko lweSibini
I-ZCL1417 ivumela ukuba iileya zokuhombisa nezokukhusela zibekwe kumjikelo omnye we-vacuum. Nje ukuba izinto ezifakelweyo zilayishwe, iingubo zokuhombisa zesinyithi kunye neengubo ezikhuselayo ezilandelayo zifakwa ngokulandelelana phantsi kweemeko ze-vacuum, zisusa ukuvezwa emoyeni ongqongileyo kwaye zithintele ukungcola kothuli okanye ukufuma.
3. I-Compact Footprint kunye ne-Full Automation
Ngomgangatho omncinci kunye noyilo oluncinci, le nkqubo idibanisa ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokubeka esweni inkqubo. Oku kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwabasebenzi, kuqinisekisa ukuphindaphindwa, kwaye kuzinzisa ukuhambelana kweqela ngalinye.
Ububanzi besicelo:
Izibonisi zezibane zentloko, izindlu zokukhanya ezikufutshane, iilogo ezikhanyisiweyo nezihambelana neradar, iindawo zokuhlobisa zangaphakathi, nokunye. Iyakwazi ukufaka izinto ezigqunywe ngesinyithi, iifilimu ezisabelayo, kunye neeleya ezingabonakaliyo.
Ingxaki yokufana kwengubo kwiindawo zokuhombisa iimoto ngokusisiseko ivela kwimiphumo edibeneyo yemida yenkqubo, ukuphazamiseka kwejiyometri, kunye neziphene zomsebenzi. Inkqubo ye-ZHENHUA Vacuum ZCL1417 Automotive Coating System ayipheleli nje ekuphuculeni inyathelo elinye, kodwa ijongana nomceli mngeni ngokwenkqubo-ngokudibanisa imithombo emininzi, uyilo lwenkqubo yokudlula enye, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo ngexesha langempela.
Ngokuguqula ukufana ukusuka kwindawo ebuhlungu engapheliyo ukuya kwinzuzo yokuvelisa ngobuninzi, i-ZCL1417 ibonelela ngesisombululo esomeleleyo sokuvelisa okuzinzileyo nomgangatho ophezulu kwezinto zokuhombisa ezikrelekrele ze-cockpit.
—Eli nqaku lipapashwe ngu izixhobo zokugquma nge-vacuum umenzi we-Zhenhua Vacuum
Ixesha leposi: Septemba-10-2025