Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa zolinga za "dual carbon" ku China, makampani opanga ma photovoltaic (PV) akukula kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Monga njira yofunika kwambiri yowonjezerera magwiridwe antchito a maselo a dzuwa komanso kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a zida, ukadaulo wopaka utoto wa vacuum ukuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri m'magawo angapo opanga ma PV, zomwe zikuyendetsa kukweza mafakitale ndi kupanga zatsopano.
Kuphimba Vacuum: "Njira Yosaoneka" Yomwe Imakhala Kumbuyo kwa Zipangizo za PV
Kuphimba vacuum kumatanthauza njira yoyika mafilimu opyapyala pamwamba pa substrate pansi pa vacuum, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zakuthupi kapena zamakemikolo—makamaka PVD (Kuphimba Nthunzi Yathupi) ndi CVD (Kuphimba Nthunzi Yamankhwala). Poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe zonyowa, kuphimba vacuum kumapereka kufanana kwabwino kwa filimu, kumamatira mwamphamvu, kuwongolera makulidwe molondola, komanso kuipitsidwa kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale sitepe yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zida zapamwamba za photovoltaic.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kofunika Kwambiri kwa Vacuum Coating mu Photovoltaics
1. Zophimba Zosawala (AR) za Maselo a Crystalline Silicon
Kugwiritsa ntchito zophimba zoletsa kuwala pamwamba pa maselo a silicon opangidwa ndi kristalo ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kuwala kulowe. Zipangizo zodziwika bwino monga silicon nitride (SiNx) nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD), zomwe zimachepetsa kutayika kwa kuwala pamwamba ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a maselo onse.
2. Mafilimu Osapanga Ma Conductive Oxide (TCO) Owonekera Bwino
Mu maselo a dzuwa opyapyala, zigawo za TCO monga ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) ndi AZO (Aluminium-doped Zinc Oxide) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma electrode ofunikira kutsogolo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa kudzera mu magnetron sputtering, njira ya PVD yomwe imatsimikizira kuti magetsi amafalikira kwambiri, sagwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba.
3. Zigawo Zowunikira Kumbuyo ndi Zotchinga
Kapangidwe ka mapepala ozungulira nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi zigawo zowunikira (monga Ag, Al) ndi zigawo zotchingira (monga SiOx, Al2O3), zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito vacuum clothing. Zigawo zowunikira zimathandizira kutsekereza kuwala kwamkati, pomwe zigawo zotchingira zimathandizira kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukana chinyezi ndi kutentha.
4. Kuyika Filimu Yochepa mu Maselo a Dzuwa a Perovskite
Maselo a dzuwa a perovskite omwe akutuluka amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo—monga zigawo zoyendera, zigawo zolumikizirana, ndi zokutira zozungulira—chilichonse chimafuna kuyika kolondola kwambiri komanso kosawonongeka kwambiri. Kupaka vacuum kukuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu m'derali, makamaka kuti apange mafilimu ofanana a malo akuluakulu ofunikira pakukulitsa malonda.
Zochitika Zamakampani ndi Zofunikira pa Zipangizo
Pamene ukadaulo wa PV ukusintha kupita ku heterojunction (HJT) ndi maselo a perovskite/silicon tandem, kufunikira kwa ma stack ovuta kwambiri a mafilimu ndi kukhazikika kwa mafilimu kukuwonjezeka mofulumira. Poyankha, opanga zida akuyambitsa machitidwe apamwamba okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, automation, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera—monga machitidwe akuluakulu a inline magnetron sputtering ndi machitidwe ophimba vacuum roll-to-roll—kuti akwaniritse zosowa zopangira mizere ya GW-scale PV.
Ukadaulo Wopaka Umalimbikitsa Tsogolo la Dzuwa
Kupaka utoto wa vacuum sikuti ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowonjezerera magwiridwe antchito a module ya photovoltaic komanso ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri pakupanga maselo a m'badwo wotsatira omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Kuyambira pa silicon yachikhalidwe mpaka njira zatsopano za perovskite, kuyambira kukonza zinthu mpaka kuphatikiza kwathunthu, ukadaulo wopaka utoto ukulumikizana kwambiri ndi makampani opanga dzuwa—kukonza njira yopita ku tsogolo la mphamvu zopanda mpweya woipa, zobiriwira, komanso zogwira ntchito bwino.
-Nkhaniyi yatulutsidwa ndiwopanga makina ophikira vacuumZhenhua Vacuum.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-19-2025