I nā noi o loko o ka automotive, aluminika, chrome, a me nā uhi semi-transparent ke kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka aesthetics makemake, ka lōʻihi, a me ka hana. Eia ka haʻihaʻi ʻana o kēlā me kēia ʻano uhi: 1. ʻO ke ʻano a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻāpana alumini: Hāʻawi nā pale alumini i kahi sleek ...
Me ka holomua mau o ka ʻenehana automotive, ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke no ka pale kikowaena kikowaena automotive. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ia he kikowaena hōʻike ʻike maʻalahi, akā he hui o ka leʻaleʻa multimedia, hoʻokele, kaʻa kaʻa, int...
ʻO ka hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua o ka uhi ʻana i ka vacuum ka mea nui i nā ʻanuʻu aʻe, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea e lawe i kahi kuleana kikoʻī e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi a me ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana uhi: No.
Hōʻike nui ʻia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i nā ʻāpana: 1. ʻO ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana: Hoʻokō ʻia ka uhi ʻana o ka vacuum i loko o kahi ʻenekini, hiki ke pale aku i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā molekole kinoea, e hiki ai ke hana i kahi pilina pili ma waena o ka mea uhi a me ka ...
ʻO nā mīkini pale anti-reflection nā mea hana kūikawā i hoʻohana ʻia no ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻili lahilahi a aniani ma nā ʻāpana optical e like me nā lens, nā aniani, a me nā hōʻike e hōʻemi i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana a hoʻonui i ka lawe ʻana o ka mālamalama. Pono kēia mau uhi i nā ʻano noi like ʻole, me ka optics, ...
No ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia nā kānana, e like me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e like me nā kikoʻī o ka manual, pono e haʻi ʻia kekahi mau waiwai i ʻae ʻia. No nā kānana liʻiliʻi, ʻo nā ʻāpana nui e hāʻawi ʻia ai nā hoʻomanawanui: ka lōʻihi o ka nalu, ka peak transmittance, a me ka bandwidth,...
ʻO ka Electrode Vacuum Heat Coater kahi ʻāpana kūikawā o nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi ʻoihana a me nā noiʻi ʻepekema no ka uhi ʻana i nā electrodes a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe ma lalo o kahi ʻenekini, i hui pū ʻia me ka mālama wela. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia kēia kaʻina hana i nā kula e like me ka uila, nā mea ʻepekema ...
ʻO nā kikoʻī hana kānana he mau wehewehe pono o ka hana kānana ma kahi ʻōlelo i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i nā mea hoʻolālā ʻōnaehana, nā mea hoʻohana, nā mea hana kānana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Kekahi...
ʻO ka kānana magnetic i loko o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā māla magnetic e kānana i nā ʻāpana i makemake ʻole ʻia a i ʻole nā mea haumia i ka wā o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi kaiapuni. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia mau ʻōnaehana i nā noi ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka semiconductor fabrication, optics, a ...
ʻO ke kālā ka mea nui loa a hiki i ka waena o 1930s, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea kiʻiʻoniʻoni noʻonoʻo mua no nā mea kani kikoʻī, maʻamau i uhi ʻia i loko o kahi wai. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe kemika wai e hana i nā aniani no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana, a ma thi...
ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mahu, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka substrate, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana ma mua o ka uhi ʻana, ka waiho ʻana o ka mahu, ka hoʻouka ʻana, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka uhi ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, a me nā huahana i pau. (1) E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lepo. ʻO nā paia keʻena vacuum, ka substrate frame a me nā ʻaila ʻē aʻe, ka ʻōpala, re...
Hiki i ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni ke hoʻolilo i nā ʻāpana membrane i ke ʻano o nā mana (a i ʻole nā mole) i loko o ka lumi hau. Ma lalo o ka wela kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu hoʻoheheʻe, loaʻa i nā atom a i ʻole nā molekole ma luna o ka ʻili o ka membrane i lawa ka ikehu e lanakila ai i ka s ...
ʻO ka PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) nā ʻenehana i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni a me nā uhi ʻili. Ma waena o nā hana maʻamau, ʻo ka evaporation thermal a me ka sputtering ʻelua mau kaʻina PVD koʻikoʻi. Eia ka haʻihaʻi o kēlā me kēia: 1. Kuʻuna Hoʻoheheʻe Thermal: Hoʻomāhana ʻia nā mea i...
E-beam vacuum coating, a i ʻole electron beam physical vapor deposition (EBPVD), kahi hana i hoʻohana ʻia no ka waiho ʻana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi a i ʻole nā uhi ma luna o nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hoʻohana ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kukuna electron e wela a e hoʻoheheʻe i kahi mea i uhi ʻia (e like me ka metala a i ʻole ka ceramic) i loko o kahi keʻena ʻūhā kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka mea mahuka ...
Ua lilo ʻo Kina i kumu hana hoʻoheheʻe honua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mākeke mold ma mua o 100 biliona, ua lilo ka ʻoihana mold i kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana hou. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 10% o ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o Kina. No laila, pehea e...