He wāhanga nui ngā raina whakaputa kiriata rama motuka o te umanga hanga motuka. Ko ēnei raina whakaputa te kawenga mō te paninga me te hanga kiriata rama motuka, e whai wāhi nui ana ki te whakarei ake i te ataahua me te mahi o ngā rama motuka. I te mea kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā kiriata kounga teitei...
Ko te nuinga o te wā, ko te kawe i te plasma tukunga, te whakairo ūnga, te whakatakotoranga kiriata angiangi me ētahi atu tukanga, ka pā te papa aukume ki te tukanga whakamau magnetron. I roto i te pūnaha whakamau magnetron me te papa aukume orthogonal, ka pāngia ngā irahiko e te...
Ko ngā whakaritenga taketake o te mīhini paninga korehau i runga i te pūnaha papu: (1) Me nui te tere papu o te pūnaha paninga korehau, e kore e tere noa te papu i ngā hau i tukuna mai i te papa me ngā rauemi mimiti me ngā wāhanga i roto i te korehau...
Ka whakamahia e te mīhini paninga whakapaipai PVD tētahi tukanga e mōhiotia ana ko te Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) hei pani i tētahi paninga angiangi engari pakari ki runga i ngā whakapaipai. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga te whakamahinga o ngā konganuku totoka, he tino parakore, ka mimitia i roto i te taiao korehau. Kātahi ka whakamahanahia te kohu konganuku e puta mai ana...
Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ngā mīhini paninga korehau PVD iti ngāwari ko tōna maha o ngā whakamahinga. Kua hangaia ēnei mīhini hei whakauru i ngā momo rahi me ngā āhua o te papa, ā, he mea tino pai mō ngā tukanga hanga iti, hanga ritenga rānei. Hei tāpiri, ko tōna rahi kiato me tōna ngāwari...
I roto i te umanga hanga e whanake tonu ana, he mea nui te mahi a ngā taputapu tapahi ki te hanga i ngā hua e whakamahia ana e tātou i ia rā. Mai i te tapahi tika i roto i te umanga rererangi ki ngā hoahoa uaua i roto i te ao hauora, kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia mō ngā taputapu tapahi kounga teitei. Hei whakatutuki i tēnei hiahia, ko te US...
Ina tīmata te whakatakotoranga o ngā ngota kiriuhi, ka pāngia te hononga o te kiriuhi/papa e te pupuhi katote e whai ake nei. (1) Te whakaranu ā-tinana. Nā te werohanga katote pūngao-nui, te pupuhi o ngā ngota kua whakatakotoranga me te werohanga hoki o ngā ngota mata me te āhuatanga tukinga hū, ka...
Ko te pupuhi he āhuatanga e pā ai ngā matūriki pūngao (ko te nuinga he katote pai o ngā hau) ki te mata o tētahi mea totoka (e kiia ana ko te rauemi ūnga i raro nei), ka puta ai ngā ngota (ngota rānei) i runga i te mata o te rauemi ūnga mai i a ia. I kitea tēnei āhuatanga e Grove i te tau 1842 i te wā...
Ngā āhuatanga o te paninga magnetron sputtering (3) Te sputtering iti o te pūngao. Nā te iti o te ngaohiko cathode e pā ana ki te ūnga, ka herea te plasma e te papa aukume i te wāhi e tata ana ki te cathode, ā, ka ārai i ngā matūriki utu nui-pūngao ki te taha o te papa i pupuhihia e te tangata. Ko te...
Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu hangarau paninga, ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei o te paninga magnetron sputtering: he nui te whānuitanga whakarerekētanga hihiri o te tere whakatakotoranga paninga me te matotoru (te āhua o te rohe paninga) ka taea te whakahaere ngāwari, ā, kāore he hoahoa...
Ko te hangarau whakatakotoranga āwhina hihi katote ko te hangarau werohanga hihi katote me te paninga whakatakotoranga mamaoa i honoa ki te hangarau tukatuka hiato mata katote. I roto i te tukanga whakarerekētanga mata o ngā rauemi werohanga katote, ahakoa he rauemi haurua-ira, he rauemi hangarau rānei, he mea...
I ngā tau tata nei, kua kitea ngā ahunga whakamua me ngā putanga hou i roto i te ao o te hangarau paninga korehau. Ka taea tēnei nā te kaha tonu o te whakamātautau me te rangahau. I roto i ngā mīhini maha e whakamahia ana i tēnei ao, ko ngā mīhini paninga korehau whakamātautau he taputapu matua mō te whakatutuki...
Ko te hangarau CVD e hangai ana ki te tauhohenga matū. Ko te tauhohenga kei roto ngā matū tauhohenga i te āhua hau, ā, kei roto tetahi o ngā hua i te āhua totoka ka kiia ko te tauhohenga CVD, nō reira me tutuki i tana pūnaha tauhohenga matū ngā tikanga e toru e whai ake nei. (1) I te pāmahana whakatakotoranga...
I tēnei ao tere o ēnei rā, kua noho hei wāhanga nui o ō tātou oranga ngā mōhiti. Kua whanake haere ēnei taputapu ngāwari mai i te mea e hiahiatia ana ki te āhua o te ahua. Heoi, he tokomaha te hunga kāore i te mōhio ki te tukanga uaua e hiahiatia ana hei hanga i tētahi takirua karaihe mōhiti tino pai. He mea tēnei...
I roto i te hangarau kimi whatu koiora mā te whakamahi i te tātaritanga hiranga, e toru ngā tikanga tātaritanga māngai: te ine whakaahua UV-kitea (te tae whakaahua-hiko), te tātaritanga fluorescence, te tātaritanga raman, ia, hei whakatutuki i ngā taumata rerekē o te kimi kiko koiora, te tātaritanga hiranga...