Ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu, impilo yokusetshenziswa kwethuluzi lokusika inganwetshwa nge-coating, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise kakhulu izindleko zemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusika ithuluzi enamathela kunganciphisa isidingo uketshezi lubricating. Akugcini nje ukunciphisa izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa futhi kusiza ukuvikela imvelo.
Umthelela wokucutshungulwa kwangaphambili nangemuva kokumboza ekukhiqizeni
Emisebenzini yokusika yesimanje, amathuluzi okusika adinga ukuthwala izingcindezi eziphezulu (>2 GPa), amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nemijikelezo eqhubekayo yokucindezeleka okushisayo. Ngaphambi nangemva kokumbozwa kwethuluzi lokusika, kufanele liphathwe ngenqubo efanele.
Ngaphambi kokusika ukugqoka kwamathuluzi, izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa zingasetshenziswa ukulungiselela inqubo elandelayo yokugqoka, kuyilapho kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukunamathela kokugqoka. Ngokusebenza ngokuhambisana ne-coating, ukulungiswa kwethuluzi lokusika kungandisa futhi isivinini sokusika kanye nezinga lokuphakelayo, futhi kwandise impilo yethuluzi lokusika.
I-coating post-processing (ukulungiswa konqenqema, ukucutshungulwa kwendawo kanye nokwakheka) nakho kudlala indima enqumayo ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwethuluzi lokusika, ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela ukuguga okungenzeka kusenesikhathi ngokwakhiwa kwe-chip (ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zokusebenza kuya onqenqemeni lwethuluzi).
Ukucatshangelwa kwe-coating kanye nokukhetha
Izidingo zokusebenza zokumboza zingahluka kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomshini lapho izinga lokushisa lokusika liphezulu, izici zokugqoka ezimelana nokushisa ze-coating ziba zibaluleke kakhulu. Kulindeleke ukuthi izigqoko zesimanje kufanele futhi zibe nezici ezilandelayo: ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation, ubulukhuni obuphezulu (ngisho namazinga okushisa aphezulu), kanye nokuqina kwe-microscopic (plasticity) ngokuklanywa kwezingqimba ze-nanostructured.
Ngamathuluzi okusika asebenzayo, ukunamathela kwe-coating okulungiselelwe kanye nokusabalalisa okunengqondo kokucindezeleka okuyinsalela yizici ezimbili ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-substrate kanye nezinto zokumboza. Okwesibili, kufanele kube nokuhambisana okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi kwezinto zokumboza kanye nezinto okufanele zicutshungulwe. Amathuba okunamathela phakathi kwe-coating kanye ne-workpiece ingancishiswa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-geometry yethuluzi elifanele kanye nokupholisha ukugqoka.
Izingubo ezisekelwe ku-Aluminium (isb. i-AlTiN) zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokusika zamathuluzi embonini yokusika. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samazinga okushisa aphakeme okusika, lezi zembatho ezisekelwe ku-aluminium zingakha ungqimba oluncane noluminyene lwe-aluminium oxide oluhlala luzivuselela ngesikhathi somshini, luvikela ukumboza kanye ne-substrate engaphansi kwayo ekuhlaselweni kwe-oxidative.
Ukuqina nokusebenza kokumelana ne-oxidation kwe-coating kungalungiswa ngokushintsha okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kanye nesakhiwo sokumboza. Isibonelo, ngokwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium, usebenzisa i-nano-structures noma i-micro-alloying (okungukuthi, i-alloying enezici eziphansi zokuqukethwe), ukumelana ne-oxidation ye-coating kungathuthukiswa.
Ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali wezinto zokugqoka, izinguquko ekwakhiweni kokugqoka zingathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kokugqoka. Ukusebenza kwethuluzi elihlukile lokusika kuncike ekusatshalalisweni kwezakhi ezahlukahlukene kusakhiwo se-coating micro.
Kulezi zinsuku, ungqimba oluningi olunamakhemikhali oluhlukene olunamakhemikhali ahlukene lungahlanganiswa lube ungqimba oluhlanganisiwe oluhlanganisayo ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza okufunayo. Lo mkhuba uzoqhubeka nokuthuthuka esikhathini esizayo – ikakhulukazi ngezinhlelo zokumboza ezintsha nezinqubo zokumboza, ezifana nokuhwamuka kwe-arc ye-HI3 (High Ionization Triple) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokunamathela obuxubile obuhlanganisa izinqubo ezintathu zokumboza ezine-ionized zibe yinto eyodwa.
Njengokwemboza okuyindilinga, izembatho ezisekelwe ku-titanium-silicon (TiSi) zinikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Lezi zimbobo zingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula kokubili izinsimbi ezinobulukhuni obuphakeme ezinokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-carbide (ukuqina okuyinhloko kufika ku-HRC 65) nezinsimbi zokuqina okumaphakathi (ukuqina okuyisisekelo HRC 40). Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sokumboza kungashintshwa ngokufanele kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zomshini. Ngenxa yalokho, amathuluzi okusika asekelwe ku-silicone asekelwe ku-titanium angasetshenziselwa ukusika nokucubungula izinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokusebenza ezivela ezinsimbi eziphezulu, ezine-alloyed kuya ezinsimbi eziqinile kanye nama-alloys e-titanium. Ukuhlolwa kokusika okuphezulu kuma-workpieces ayisicaba (ukuqina kwe-HRC 44) kubonise ukuthi amathuluzi okusika anamathiselwe angakwazi ukukhulisa impilo yayo cishe izikhathi ezimbili futhi ehlise ukuhwaqaza kwendawo cishe izikhathi eziyi-10.
I-titanium-silicon based based coating inciphisa ukupholisha kwangaphezulu okulandelayo. Izembatho ezinjalo zizolindeleka ukuthi zisetshenziselwe ukucubungula ngesivinini esikhulu sokusika, amazinga okushisa aphezulu onqenqemeni kanye namazinga aphezulu okukhishwa kwensimbi.
Kwezinye izinto zokumboza ze-PVD (ikakhulukazi ezine-alloyed micro-alloyed), izinkampani zokumboza nazo zisebenzisana eduze namaphrosesa ukucwaninga nokuthuthukisa izixazululo ezihlukahlukene zokucubungula indawo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kahle komshini, ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi okusika, ikhwalithi yomshini, kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukumboza kanye nomshini kungenzeka, futhi kuyasebenza ngempela. Ngokusebenzisana nozakwethu wokwembathisa ochwepheshe, abasebenzisi bangakhuphula ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi abo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wempilo.
-Le ndatshana ikhishwe nguumenzi womshini we-vacuum coatingI-Guangdong Zhenhua
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-29-2024