Ama-capacitor e-Ceramic ayizingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezisebenzisa izinto ze-ceramic njengama-electrode e-dielectric kanye ne-metallic ukugcina ishaja kagesi. Asetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-electronics abathengi, ezokuxhumana, kuma-electronics ezimoto, kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula zezimboni, lapho enza khona imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuhlukanisa, ukuhlunga, ukuhlanganisa, ukugqama, kanye nokugcina amandla.
Ukuze kuvunyelwe ukugcinwa kweshaja futhi kusungulwe ukuxhumana kukagesi nezifunda zangaphandle, ama-electrode ayingxenye ebalulekile yesakhiwo se-capacitor. Ama-electrode ensimbi asatshalaliswa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-dielectric ye-ceramic noma ahlanganiswe ngokushintshana nezingqimba ze-dielectric ezakhiweni zezendlalelo eziningi, ndawonye akha ukwakheka kwe-capacitor eyisisekelo. Lapho kusetshenziswa i-voltage, amashaja kagesi aqoqana kuma-electrode amabili futhi axhunywe kwisifunda sangaphandle ngesakhiwo se-electrode.
1. Kungani Izindleko Zama-Electrode Esiliva Avamile E-Ceramic Capacitors Ziqhubeka Zikhuphuka?
Inqubo evamile yokwenziwa kwama-electrode yama-capacitor e-ceramic ivame ukusebenzisa inqubo yokuphrinta nokudubula nge-silver paste. Le nqubo ngokuvamile iqukethe ukulungiswa kwe-ceramic substrate, ukuphrinta nge-silver paste, ukomisa, ukudubula ngokushisa okuphezulu, ukuhlolwa kwe-electrode, kanye nokucutshungulwa okulandelayo. Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswe kabanzi iminyaka eminingi, ngezakhiwo ze-silver-paste ezivuthiwe, ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta kwesikrini, izinqubo zokuphrinta, kanye nezinhlelo zokudubula. Imishini yayo yokukhiqiza kanye nengqalasizinda esekelayo isungulwe kahle, inesithiyo esiphansi kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni komugqa wokukhiqiza kanye nokuzivumelanisa kahle nemikhiqizo enezincazelo ezahlukene.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-silver paste isebenzisa i-silver powder njengengxenye yayo eyinhloko yokuqhuba futhi yakha i-electrode ngenqubo yefilimu ebanzi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ungqimba lwesiliva lubanzi kakhulu, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwesiliva okuphezulu ngomkhiqizo ngamunye.
Lapho amanani esiliva ephansi kakhulu, umthelela wezindleko ohlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwesiliva okuphezulu wawungabalulekile kangako. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amanani esiliva eqhubeka nokukhuphuka esikhathini eside, lesi sakhiwo sezindleko siye sabonakala kakhulu. Ngokusekelwe emananini esiliva ajwayelekile ngonyaka aguqulwa aba yi-RMB, intengo yesiliva yayicishe ibe yi-RMB 1.9/g ngo-2005, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-RMB 9.2/g cishe ngo-2025, okumele ukwanda cishe izikhathi ezingu-4.8 eminyakeni engama-20.
Kubakhiqizi be-ceramic capacitor abanomthamo omkhulu, umthelela wokwenyuka kwamanani esiliva uba mkhulu njengoba amanani okukhiqiza ekhula. Ukusetshenziswa kwesiliva okuphezulu ngeyunithi ngayinye, okuphindaphindwe ngamanani okukhiqiza waminyaka yonke ayizigidi, amashumi ezigidi, noma izingxenye ezingaphezulu, kungahumusha kube izindleko ezinkulu zezinto ezibonakalayo. Lapho amanani esiliva ehlala emazingeni aphezulu, inqubo ye-electrode yesiliva evame futhi esungulwe kahle ibhekene nengcindezi enkulu evela ezindlekweni zensimbi eyigugu.
Ngenxa yalesi simo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwesiliva nokunciphisa ukuthembela ezinsimbini eziyigugu kanye nokushintshashintsha kwentengo yazo kube yizinto ezibalulekile kubakhiqizi be-ceramic capacitor.
2. Indlela Yokunciphisa Izindleko ze-Zhenhua Vacuum: Kusukela “Ekuthatheni Isiliva Esikhundleni Sethusi” Kuya Ekukhiqizeni Okuqhubekayo
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwensimbi eyigugu, izinyathelo eziningi zenqubo, kanye nokuchayeka ekushintsheni kwentengo yesiliva okuhlobene nama-electrode esiliva avamile, i-Zhenhua Vacuum ibilokhu ihlola indlela yobuchwepheshe be-magnetron "ethatha indawo yesiliva" esekelwe ku-sputtering yama-electrode e-ceramic capacitor futhi iphishekele ukunciphisa izindleko kokubili ngokusebenzisa izinqubo nokwenza ngcono kanye nokushintsha izinto.
Esikhundleni sokuthembela ekwakhiweni kwe-electrode yesiliva-paste evamile, i-Zhenhua Vacuum isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokupompa i-magnetron. Njengenqubo yokubeka umusi ongokoqobo (i-PVD), ukupompa i-magnetron kubeka izinto zensimbi ngqo ebusweni be-ceramic substrate endaweni ye-vacuum ukuze kwakhiwe ifilimu ye-electrode.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphrinta kwesikrini okujwayelekile kwe-silver-paste, le nqubo isusa izinyathelo eziningana ezivamile, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwe-silver-paste, ukuphrinta, ukomisa, kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeze uchungechunge lwenqubo yonke futhi kuncishiswe ukuphathwa okuphakathi kanye nokusebenza ngesandla. Njengoba i-silver paste kanye nezihlanganisi zayo eziphilayo ezihambisanayo kanye nabathwali kungadingeki, inqubo inganciphisa nokukhishwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nemfucuza yenqubo ehlobene nokwakhiwa kwe-electrode esekelwe ku-paste, okuhlinzeka ngamathuba amakhulu okukhiqiza okuhlanzekile nokuzenzakalelayo.
Ngokombono wezinto zokwakha, ithusi lisetshenziswa njengento eyinhloko yokuqhuba esikhundleni sesiliva. Ithusi linikeza ukuguquguquka kukagesi okuhle kakhulu kuyilapho izindleko zalo zezinto zokwakha ziphansi kakhulu kunezesiliva. Lokhu kwenza kube nokuncipha okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwensimbi eyigugu ezingeni lezinto zokwakha. Ekukhiqizweni komthamo omkhulu, ukushintsha okunjalo kwezinto zokwakha kunganciphisa izindleko zezinto zokwakha ze-electrode ngenkathi kunciphisa umthelela wokushintshashintsha kwentengo yesiliva ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza zizonke.
Kodwa-ke, ukufaka ithusi esikhundleni sesiliva akuyona nje indaba yokushintsha into eyodwa ye-electrode ibe yinye. Ithusi liyathinteka yi-oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi izinqubo zokuphrinta nokudubula ze-copper-paste ezivamile zidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kokwakheka kwe-paste, umoya wokudubula, kanye nefasitela lenqubo. Ukushaywa kwe-Magnetron, ngokuphambene, kwenza amafilimu ethusi abekwe ngqo endaweni engenamanzi. Ngokuklanywa kwezingqimba zokunamathela, izingqimba eziqhubayo, kanye nezinye izingqimba zefilimu ezisebenzayo, inqubo ingathuthukisa ukunamathela kwefilimu, ubuningi, kanye nokusebenza kukagesi, inikeze enye indlela yenqubo yokuqaliswa kwezimboni "kwesiliva esithatha indawo yethusi."
2.1 Kusukela Ekuthuthukisweni Kwenqubo Kuya Ekukhiqizweni Okukhulu: Umugqa Wokukhiqiza we-Magnitron Sputtering Ohlangothini Olubili we-Zhenhua Vacuum
Ukusputtering nge-Magnetron kunganikeza indlela yobuchwepheshe "yokufaka isiliva esikhundleni sethusi," kodwa ekukhiqizweni kwe-capacitor ye-ceramic enomthamo omkhulu, ukukhiqiza amasampula amboziwe kuphela akwanele. Inselele ebalulekile ukufeza ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo kwesikhathi eside, okuzinzile, nokuqhubekayo.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nale mfuneko, i-Zhenhua Vacuum ithuthukise umugqa wokukhiqiza we-magnetron oqhubekayo onamahlangothi amabili wama-electrode e-ceramic capacitor, ohlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokumboza i-vacuum nokukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo. Ngemva kokungena emgqeni wokukhiqiza, imikhiqizo idluliselwa njalo phakathi kwamakamelo enqubo ahlukene, kuyilapho amafilimu e-electrode efakwa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza olufanayo. Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokujika ngesandla, ukulayisha nokulayisha okuphindaphindiwe, kanye nokuphathwa okuphakathi phakathi kwezinqubo.
Imishini isebenzisa ukucushwa okuqhubekayo komugqa wokukhiqiza, okuvumela izendlalelo ezahlukene zefilimu, okuhlanganisa izendlalelo zokunamathela noma zokuguquka kanye nezendlalelo eziqhubayo, ukuthi zifakwe ngaphakathi kohlelo olufanayo oluhlanganisiwe. Ngokudluliswa kwezinto okuzenzakalelayo, ukulawulwa okunembile kwepharamitha yenqubo, kanye nokuphathwa komthamo wokukhiqiza, uhlelo luthuthukisa ukufana kobukhulu befilimu kanye nokuqina kwenqubo ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa komthamo omkhulu.
Le ndlela yenqubo iphinde yaqinisekiswa isikhathi eside ekukhiqizweni okukhulu. Ngo-2012, i-Zhenhua Vacuum yaletha umugqa wokukhiqiza we-magnetron sputtering oqhubekayo onezinhlangothi ezimbili wama-electrode e-ceramic capacitor kumakhasimende. Kusukela ngo-2026, umugqa wokukhiqiza uhlale ekukhiqizweni okukhulu okuzinzile iminyaka eyi-14, ohlinzeka ngokuqinisekiswa kwesikhathi eside kokuthembeka kwemishini, ukuhambisana kokumboza okunezinhlangothi ezimbili, kanye nokwenzeka kokukhiqizwa okukhulu kwenqubo "yethusi ethatha indawo yesiliva" esekelwe ku-magnetron sputtering.
Ukushintsha kusuka kuma-electrode esiliva avamile ukuya ku-"isiliva esithatha indawo yethusi" esekelwe ku-magnetron sputtering akuyona nje into yokufaka esikhundleni sezinto ezibonakalayo. Kumelela ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinto, izinqubo zokubeka, kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza. Ngobuchwepheshe bokufaka i-magnetron sputtering kanye nomugqa wokukhiqiza oqhubekayo ozinhlangothi zombili, i-Zhenhua Vacuum ithathe umqondo "wesiliva esithatha indawo yethusi" yadlula isisombululo sobuchwepheshe yaya ekukhiqizweni kwesisindo okuzinzile nokuqhubekayo.
Ekukhiqizweni kwe-ceramic capacitor enomthamo omkhulu, inani lezomnotho "lesiliva esithatha indawo yethusi" lingabonakala ngokugcwele kuphela uma izindleko zezinto zincishisiwe, inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula, futhi ukuzinza kokukhiqiza kwesikhathi eside kufinyelelwa ngasikhathi sinye.
-Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe nguumenzi wemishini yokumboza nge-vacuum I-Zhenhua Vacuum
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-23-2026