Imbali yezicelo zobushushu belanga inde kunezo ze-photovoltaic, izifudumezi zamanzi zelanga zorhwebo zavela ngo-1891. Izicelo zobushushu belanga zifumaneka ngokufunxwa kwelanga, amandla okukhanya abe ngamandla obushushu emva kokusetyenziswa ngqo okanye ukugcinwa kwazo zinokuguqulwa zibe ngumbane ngokufudumeza iijenereyitha eziqhutywa ngumphunga. Izicelo zobushushu belanga zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu ngokwemigangatho yobushushu: izicelo zobushushu obuphantsi (<100C), ezisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza idama lokudada, ukufudumeza umoya ngaphambi komoya, njl., izicelo zobushushu obuphakathi (100 ~ 400C), ezisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi ashushu asekhaya kunye negumbi, ukufudumeza inkqubo kushishino, njl.njl.; izicelo zobushushu obuphezulu (>400C), ezisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza kwimizi-mveliso, ukuvelisa umbane obushushu, njl.njl. Ngokukhuthazwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa umbane wokuqokelela, ukuxhathisa kubushushu obuphakathi nophezulu kunye nophando lwezinto ze-photothermal ezichasene nokusingqongileyo lube yinto ephambili.
Itekhnoloji yefilimu encinci ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kobushushu belanga. Ngenxa yoxinano oluphantsi lwamandla elanga kumphezulu (malunga ne-1kW/m² emini, abaqokeleli bafuna indawo enkulu yokuqokelela amandla elanga. Umlinganiselo omkhulu wendawo/ubungqingqwa beefilimu ze-photothermal zelanga uphumela kwiifilimu ezisengozini yokwaluphala, nto leyo echaphazela ubomi bezixhobo ze-photothermal zelanga. Iimfuno eziphambili zeefilimu ze-solar thermal ziphindwe kathathu: ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ubomi obude kunye noqoqosho. Ukukhetha kwe-Spectral kusetyenziswa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kweefilimu ze-solar thermal. Ifilimu ye-solar thermal efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe nokufunxwa okuhle kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeebhendi zemitha yelanga kunye nokukhupha okuphantsi kobushushu. I-a/e coefficient isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukukhetha kwe-spectral kwefilimu, apho u-a emele ukufunxwa kwelanga kunye no-e emele ukufunxwa kobushushu. Ukusebenza kobushushu kweefilimu ezahlukeneyo kuyahluka kakhulu. Iifilimu ezifunxwa kobushushu kwasekuqaleni zaziquka uqweqwe olumnyama kwi-foil yesinyithi, elahlekelwe yi-45% yemitha ye-long-wavelength ekhutshwayo njengoko ifunxwa ubushushu kwaye ifudumala, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuvunweni kwamandla elanga ngama-50% kuphela. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweefilimu ze-photothermal kunokuphuculwa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ifilimu encinci ekhethiweyo ye-spectrally. Izinto ezifana nesinyithi seplatinum, ichromium, okanye iicarbides kunye neenitrides zezinye iimetali eziguqukayo. Iifilimu zephotothermal zihlala zilungiswa nge-CVD okanye i-magnetron sputtering, kwaye ubushushu obuphumayo bunokwehliswa bube yi-15 ekhulwini kwiifilimu ezinobungcibi bokuqokelela obufikelela kwi-80 ekhulwini. Iifilimu ezikhethayo ezikhethiweyo zespectrally zinobungcibi bokufunxa obungaphezulu kwe-0.98 kwiibhendi eziphambili ze-solar spectrum (<3um), kunye nobushushu obuphumayo obungaphantsi kwe-0.05 kwi-500C thermal radiation band (>3um), kwaye zizinzile ngokwesakhiwo nangokusebenza kwi-500°C emoyeni opholileyo.
–Eli nqaku lipapashwe nguumenzi wezixhobo zokugquma nge-vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua Technology.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-05-2023