Tarihin aikace-aikacen zafin rana ya fi na aikace-aikacen photovoltaic tsayi, na'urorin dumama ruwa na rana na kasuwanci sun bayyana a cikin 1891. Aikace-aikacen zafin rana ta hanyar shan hasken rana, makamashin haske zuwa makamashin zafi bayan amfani kai tsaye ko ajiya kuma ana iya canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki ta hanyar dumama janareto masu amfani da tururi. Ana iya raba aikace-aikacen zafin rana zuwa rukuni uku bisa ga kewayon zafin jiki: aikace-aikacen ƙarancin zafin jiki (<100C), galibi ana amfani da shi don dumama tafki, dumama iska kafin iska, da sauransu, aikace-aikacen matsakaicin zafin jiki (100 ~ 400C), galibi ana amfani da shi don dumama ruwan zafi na gida da ɗakin, dumama tsari a masana'antu, da sauransu; aikace-aikacen zafin jiki mai yawa (>400C), galibi ana amfani da shi don dumama masana'antu, samar da wutar lantarki ta zafi, da sauransu. Tare da haɓaka tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai tarawa, bincike kan juriya ga matsakaicin zafin jiki da babban zafi da kayan photothermal masu jure wa muhalli ya zama fifiko.
Fasahar fim mai siriri kuma tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a aikace-aikacen zafin rana. Saboda ƙarancin ƙarfin hasken rana a saman (kimanin 1kW/m² da tsakar rana, masu tattarawa suna buƙatar babban yanki don tattara makamashin rana. Babban rabon yanki/kauri na fina-finan hasken rana yana haifar da fina-finai waɗanda ke da saurin tsufa, wanda ke shafar tsawon rayuwar kayan aikin hasken rana. Manyan buƙatun fina-finan hasken rana sune sau uku: ingantaccen makamashi, tsawon rai da kuma tattalin arziki. Ana amfani da zaɓin haske don kimanta ingancin makamashi na fina-finan hasken rana. Kyakkyawan fim ɗin zafi na rana yana buƙatar samun kyakkyawan sha a kan nau'ikan madaukai na hasken rana da ƙarancin watsi da zafi. Ana amfani da ma'aunin a/e don kimanta zaɓin haske na fim ɗin, inda a ke tsaye don shawar rana da e ke tsaye don watsi da zafi. Aikin zafi na fina-finai daban-daban ya bambanta sosai. Fina-finan da ke ɗaukar zafi na farko sun ƙunshi baƙar fata a kan foil ɗin ƙarfe, wanda ya rasa har zuwa kashi 45 cikin 100 na hasken dogon zango da ake fitarwa yayin da yake shaƙar zafi da ɗumi, wanda ke haifar da tattara makamashin rana na kashi 50 cikin 100 kawai. Ingancin fina-finan hasken rana za a iya inganta shi sosai ta hanyar amfani da fim ɗin siriri mai zaɓi na haske. kayan aiki kamar ƙarfe na platinum, chromium, ko carbide da nitrides na wasu ƙarfe masu canzawa. Fina-finan photothermal yawanci ana shirya su ta hanyar CVD ko magnetron sputtering, kuma za a iya rage fitar da zafi zuwa ƙasa da kashi 15 cikin ɗari ga fina-finan da ingancin mai tarawa ya kai kashi 80 cikin ɗari. Fina-finan masu tarawa masu zaɓin haske masu kyau suna da ƙimar sha fiye da 0.98 a cikin manyan madaukai na hasken rana (<3um), da kuma ƙimar radiation na zafi ƙasa da 0.05 a cikin madaukai na radiation na zafi na 500C (>3um), kuma suna da tsari da aiki mai karko a 500°C a cikin yanayin iska.
–An buga wannan labarin ne ta hannunƙera kayan aikin rufin injin injinFasaha ta Guangdong Zhenhua.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-05-2023