Ukadaulo Wophikira Kutentha kwa Dzuwa

Mbiri ya kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi yayitali kuposa ya kugwiritsa ntchito ma photovoltaic, ma solar water heater amalonda adawonekera mu 1891. Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa dzuwa kudzera mu kuyamwa kwa dzuwa, mphamvu yowala kukhala mphamvu yotentha pambuyo pogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji kapena kusungidwa kungasinthidwenso kukhala magetsi potenthetsera ma jenereta oyendetsedwa ndi nthunzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa dzuwa kungagawidwe m'magulu atatu malinga ndi kutentha: kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kochepa (<100C), komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka potenthetsera dziwe losambira, kutentha kwa mpweya wopumira, ndi zina zotero, kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapakati (100 ~ 400C), komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka potenthetsera madzi otentha apakhomo ndi m'chipinda, kutentha kwa njira m'mafakitale, ndi zina zotero; kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (>400C), komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potenthetsera mafakitale, kupanga mphamvu yotentha, ndi zina zotero. Ndi kukwezedwa kwa njira yopangira magetsi yosonkhanitsa, kukana kutentha kwapakati ndi kwapamwamba komanso kufufuza zinthu zotsutsana ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa kwakhala patsogolo.

Ukadaulo wa filimu yopyapyala umagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa dzuwa. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kochepa kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa pamwamba (pafupifupi 1kW/m² masana, osonkhanitsa amafunika malo akuluakulu kuti asonkhanitse mphamvu ya dzuwa. Chiŵerengero chachikulu cha malo/kukhuthala kwa mafilimu a solar photothermal chimapangitsa kuti pakhale mafilimu omwe amatha kukalamba, zomwe zimakhudza moyo wa zipangizo za solar photothermal. Zofunikira zazikulu pa mafilimu a solar thermal ndi zitatu: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, moyo wautali komanso ndalama zochepa. Kusankha kwa spectral kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa mafilimu a solar thermal. Filimu yabwino ya solar thermal iyenera kukhala ndi kuyamwa bwino kwambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma radiation a solar ndi kutulutsa kutentha kochepa. a/e coefficient imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kusankha kwa spectral kwa filimuyi, pomwe a imayimira kuyamwa kwa dzuwa ndi e imayimira kutulutsa kutentha. Kugwira ntchito kwa kutentha kwa mafilimu osiyanasiyana kumasiyana kwambiri. Mafilimu oyambirira otenga kutentha anali ndi utoto wakuda pa pepala lachitsulo, lomwe linataya mpaka 45 peresenti ya kuwala kwa kutalika kwa mafunde komwe kumatulutsa pamene limatenga kutentha ndikutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya dzuwa itenge 50 peresenti yokha. Kugwira ntchito kwa mafilimu a photothermal kumatha kusinthidwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito filimu yopyapyala yosankha bwino. Zipangizo monga chitsulo cha platinamu, chromium, kapena carbides ndi nitrides za zitsulo zina zosinthira. Mafilimu a Photothermal nthawi zambiri amakonzedwa ndi CVD kapena magnetron sputtering, ndipo kutentha kumatha kuchepetsedwa kufika pa 15 peresenti pa mafilimu omwe ali ndi mphamvu yosonkhanitsa mpaka 80 peresenti. Mafilimu abwino osonkhanitsa omwe amasankha bwino kwambiri ali ndi mphamvu yoyamwa yoposa 0.98 m'magulu akuluakulu a solar spectrum (<3um), ndi mphamvu yowunikira kutentha yochepera 0.05 mu gulu la 500C thermal radiation (>3um), ndipo amakhala okhazikika pamapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito pa 500°C mumlengalenga wamlengalenga.

–Nkhaniyi yafalitsidwa ndiwopanga zida zophikira vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua Technology.