Cov txheej txheem nqus tsev yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, cov cuab yeej txiav, pwm, khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab lwm yam lag luam los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem, ib zaj duab xis nyias nyias raug tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub substrate hauv qab qhov chaw nqus tsev, tsim cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li kev tawv siab, kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, kev sib txhuam tsawg, lossis kev zoo nkauj.
Ib lo lus nug uas nquag nug yog seb lub tshuab nqus tsev puas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov tawv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab. Cov lus teb tsis yog tas li. Hauv feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev yog hloov kho cov khoom ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm es tsis yog hloov cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm lub substrate. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov cuam tshuam tiag tiag nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej, qhov kub ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv hauv qab, cov qauv txheej txheem, thiab cov txheej txheem.
1. Kev Txheej Txheem Nqus Tsev Feem Ntau Hloov Cov Khoom Nto
Cov txheej txheem nqus tsev xws li PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), PECVD (Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition), thiab lwm yam txheej txheem nqus tsev tsim ib zaj duab xis nyias nyias rau ntawm qhov chaw substrate.
Tsis zoo li kev kho cua sov ntau, uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov qauv hlau thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom siv thoob plaws nws cov tuab, kev txheej nqus tsev feem ntau tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau txheej saum npoo xwb. Qhov tuab ntawm txheej feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv micrometer lossis sub-micrometer, nyob ntawm seb daim ntawv thov thiab cov txheej txheem tso tawm.
Piv txwv li, cov txheej PVD tawv xws li TiN, TiCN, CrN, TiAlN, thiab AlTiN tuaj yeem muab qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev tiv thaiv kev hnav ntau dua li cov khoom hauv qab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis txhais tau tias qhov nyuaj ntawm tag nrho cov khoom hauv qab tau hloov pauv mus rau tib qho.
Yog li ntawd, thaum soj ntsuam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev rau qhov nyuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem.
2. PVD Coating puas tuaj yeem ua rau kom qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw?
Hauv ntau daim ntawv thov, PVD txheej yog siv tshwj xeeb los txhim kho qhov tawv ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov txheej txheem tawv uas tau tso los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li cathodic arc evaporation thiab magnetron sputtering tuaj yeem tsim cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tuab, nplaum zoo nrog qhov nyuaj siab thiab tiv taus kev hnav zoo heev.
Piv txwv li, rau cov cuab yeej txiav, ib txheej PVD tawv tuaj yeem txo qhov hnav ntawm cov khoom siv abrasive, kev hnav ntawm cov nplaum, thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm. Cov txheej no ua haujlwm ua ib txheej tiv thaiv thaum lub substrate muab qhov tawv thiab kev txhawb nqa tshuab.
Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ua tau zoo kawg tsis yog tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm:
Txheej tawv + txheej nplaum + txheej tuab + substrate hardness + txheej/substrate interface + txheej architecture.
Ib txheej tawv heev tsis tuaj yeem lav qhov ua tau zoo dua yog tias lub substrate mos dhau lossis yog tias cov txheej nplaum tsis txaus.
3. Qhov Kub ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Puas Yuav Cuam Tshuam Rau Qhov Nyuaj Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv?
Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum soj ntsuam seb lub tshuab nqus tsev puas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov nyuaj ntawm cov substrate.
Cov txheej txheem PVD thiab PECVD sib txawv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kub sib txawv. Thaum lub sijhawm tso dej, lub substrate raug rau lub zog thermal tsim los ntawm cov plasma, ion bombardment, evaporation qhov chaw, lossis lwm yam xwm txheej txheej txheem.
Rau cov ntaub ntawv uas rhiab heev rau kev raug cua sov, qhov kub ntawm cov substrate ntau dhau lossis kev raug cua sov ntev ntev yuav cuam tshuam rau cov qauv microstructure thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab qub.
Piv txwv li, qee cov hlau siv ua haujlwm uas tau tawv lawm tau txais lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb quenching thiab tempering. Yog tias qhov kub ntawm txheej txheej siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm tempering tsim nyog, muaj qhov ua tau ntawm kev cuam tshuam tempering, uas yuav txo qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv.
Yog li ntawd, rau cov hlau uas tawv thiab lwm cov khoom siv uas rhiab rau cua sov, cov txheej txheem txheej yuav tsum tau tsim raws li cov khoom siv kho cua sov thiab qhov kub ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tso cai.
4. Kev Tawm Tsam Ion thiab Kev Hloov Kho Qhov Chaw
Hauv ntau cov txheej txheem PVD, lub substrate raug rau ion bombardment ua ntej thiab thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm.
Kev siv ion etching los yog plasma cleaning tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pa phem ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua kom lub substrate nto ua haujlwm, txhim kho kev nplaum ntawm txheej. Thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm, kev tswj hwm ion bombardment kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau zaj duab xis densification, kev ntxhov siab seem, microstructure, thiab kev nplaum ntawm txheej.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog ion ntau dhau lossis cov txheej txheem tsis tsim nyog yuav ua rau muaj cov teebmeem tsis zoo xws li cua sov ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom siv, kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw, lossis kev ntxhov siab ntxiv.
Yog li ntawd, cov kev ntsuas xws li bias voltage, arc tam sim no, lub zog tso tawm, lub zog ua haujlwm, qhov kub ntawm lub substrate, thiab qhov nrawm ntawm kev tso dej yuav tsum tau tswj kom zoo raws li cov khoom siv substrate thiab txheej txheem txheej.
5. Qhov nyuaj ntawm txheej txheem txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv
Ib qho kev nkag siab yuam kev feem ntau yog tias ib qho workpiece ua "nyuaj dua" tsuas yog vim muaj ib txheej tawv tau tso rau ntawm nws qhov chaw.
Qhov tseeb, feem ntau cov txheej txheem nqus tsev tsim cov txheej tawv, thaum qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau tseem txiav txim siab los ntawm nws cov khoom qub thiab kev kho cua sov.
Piv txwv li, cov cuab yeej txiav carbide yuav muaj cov khoom siv tawv thiab cov txheej PVD nyuaj dua. Cov txheej no txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev hnav ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev ua haujlwm tribological, thaum cov khoom siv carbide muab lub zog thiab kev tawv.
Ib yam li ntawd, rau cov khoom siv hlau uas tau kho kom ruaj khov, cov txheej PVD tuaj yeem muab qhov chaw tawv dua thiab tiv taus kev hnav ntau dua yam tsis hloov pauv qhov nyuaj ntawm cov hlau hauv qab, tsuav yog qhov kub ntawm qhov tso tawm tseem nyob hauv qhov txheej txheem tsim nyog.
6. Yuav Ua Li Cas Tiv Thaiv Kev Txheej Txheem Nqus Tsev Kom Tsis Txhob Cuam Tshuam Rau Qhov Nyuaj Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv
Yuav kom tswj tau cov khoom siv kho tshuab qub ntawm lub substrate, cov txheej txheem txheej yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo raws li cov khoom siv thiab daim ntawv thov.
Ua ntej, cov khoom siv substrate thiab qhov kub kho mob yuav tsum tau paub meej ua ntej pleev xim. Cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov hlau cuab yeej, hlau tsis xeb, carbide, txhuas alloys, thiab lwm yam khoom muaj cov kev txwv thermal sib txawv.
Qhov thib ob, qhov kub ntawm cov txheej yuav tsum tau tswj kom haum. Rau cov ntaub ntawv uas rhiab heev rau cua sov, PVD uas kub qis lossis lwm cov txheej txheem tso dej uas haum yuav raug xaiv.
Qhov thib peb, cov txheej txheem tsis xws li bias voltage, ion zog, plasma density, deposition rate, working pressure, thiab process time yuav tsum tau optimized kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem uas xav tau yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thermal lossis ion bombardment ntau dhau.
Thaum kawg, cov khoom coated yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam los ntawm kev sim tsim nyog, suav nrog kev sim microhardness, kev sim adhesion txheej, kev sim hnav, kev ntsuas qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas metallographic, nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
7. Xaus Lus
Yog li, puas yog lub tshuab nqus tsev txheej cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hardness?
Feem ntau, kev txheej txheej nqus tsev yog ib qho txheej txheem tsim kho qhov chaw thiab yog tsim los hloov kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv es tsis yog hloov pauv nws qhov nyuaj. Cov txheej txheej PVD tawv tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw, kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, kev sib txhuam, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm thaum tswj cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom siv.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nyuaj ntawm lub substrate tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam yog tias cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov ntau dhau lossis kev siv ion tsis raug, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hlau kho cua sov thiab lwm yam khoom siv uas rhiab rau qhov kub thiab txias.
Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv cov thev naus laus zis nqus tsev, cov khoom siv txheej, qhov kub ntawm cov substrate, cov xwm txheej ntawm ion bombardment, thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Yog tias muaj lub qhov rais txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv teeb tsa zoo, kev txheej nqus tsev tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw, kev nplaum zoo ntawm cov txheej, kev tiv thaiv kev hnav zoo heev, thiab cov khoom siv ruaj khov, muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo rau kev tsim kho qhov chaw rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam uas xav tau.
- Tsab xov xwm no tau luam tawm los ntawm Chaw tsim khoom siv nqus tsev txheejZhenhua Nqus Tsev
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-22-2026