1. I-HUD Iletha Kanjani Isithombe Esicacile Kumshayeli?
Ngesikhathi ushayela, ulwazi olufana nesivinini semoto, imiyalelo yokuzulazula, kanye nezixwayiso kungavela ngqo ngaphakathi kombono womshayeli. Leli yinani eliqondakala kakhulu le-HUD (Head-Up Display): umshayeli akudingeki abheke phansi eqenjini lezinsimbi, okuvumela ukunaka okubonakalayo ukuthi kuhlale kugxile emgwaqweni.
Kodwa-ke, ukuletha isithombe ngqo ensimini yokubuka yomshayeli kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokumane ufake isembozo efasiteleni langaphambili. Ukukhanya okukhishwa yiyunithi yokuphrojektha kumele kudlule ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-optical, njengezibuko ezigoqekayo nezibuko ezizimele, eziqondisa futhi zilolonge indlela ye-optical ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kubonakale ekugcineni yi-windshield emehlweni omshayeli.
Ukuthi le ndlela yokukhanya ingaletha isithombe esicacile nesikhanyayo kuhlobene eduze nomklamo wokukhanya, ukunemba kobuso besibuko, kanye nokubonakaliswa kwezingxenye zokukhanya. Ukubonakaliswa okunganele kubangela ukulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo kokukhanya endleleni yokukhanya, ekugcineni kunciphisa ukukhanya nokubonakala kwesibonisi, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinamandla zokukhanya okuzungezile.
Ukukhanya okuphezulu kutholakala ngokubeka izembozo ezikhanyayo ezibonakalayo ebusweni bezibuko ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-HUD.
2. Ukwembozwa Okukhanyayo Kungaphezu Kokuthi “Kufakwe Ungqimba Lwe-Aluminium”
Uma kukhulunywa ngokumboza ubuso besibuko, abantu abaningi bangase baqale bacabange ukuthi ukufaka ungqimba olulodwa lwe-aluminium kwanele. Kodwa-ke, ungqimba olukhanyayo olusetshenziswa ezibukweni zangaphakathi ze-HUD ngokuvamile luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile basebenzisa isakhiwo esinezingqimba eziningi esihlanganisa ungqimba lwe-aluminium nezingqimba ze-dielectric. Ungqimba lwe-aluminium lunikeza ukukhanyisa okuphezulu okubonakalayo, kuyilapho izingqimba ze-dielectric zivikela ungqimba lwensimbi futhi zingathuthukisa ukukhanyisa ngaphakathi kwebanga lobude be-wavelength eliqondiwe.
Ezibukweni zangaphakathi ze-HUD, ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo ngokuvamile kuklanyelwe ukudlula u-90%, kuyilapho ezinye izinhlelo zokumboza ukukhanya okuphezulu ezithuthukisiwe zingafinyelela okungaphezu kuka-95%. Inani langempela eliqondiwe lincike ebangeni lobude be-wavelength lomthombo wokukhanya, i-engeli yokwenzeka, kanye nomklamo wokukhanya ojwayelekile wesistimu ye-HUD. Ngakho-ke akukho ncazelo eyodwa yokubonakaliswa esebenza kuwo wonke umkhiqizo we-HUD.
Ukufinyelela ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu kudinga ukulungiswa okuhlelekile kwezinto zokumboza, ukwakheka kwezingqimba eziningi, kanye nemingcele yokufaka. Ukuhlanzeka kwe-substrate, ukuqhubeka kwengqimba ye-aluminium, ubuningi bezingqimba ze-dielectric, kanye nobukhulu bengqimba ngayinye kungathonya ukusebenza kokugcina kokukhanya.
Ukufinyelela inani eliphezulu lokubonisa endaweni eyodwa yokulinganisa kusampula eyodwa akuyona ingxenye enzima kakhulu. Inselele yangempela ukugcina ukusebenza okubonakalayo okuzinzile kulo lonke uhla lwamaza omklamo, kuma-engeli ahlukene okwenzeka, nangaphezu kwendawo ephelele ephumelelayo yomsebenzi, ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi ukusebenza kuhlala kuhambisana nokuhlolwa kwemvelo kanye naphakathi kokukhiqizwa okuphezulu.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuhlangabezana nomgomo wokubonakalisa kuyisidingo sezinga lokuqala kuphela se-HUD optical coating. Uma i-coating ingena ezisetshenziswayo zezimoto kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesisindo, ukulawulwa kobukhulu befilimu, ukufana kwe-coating, ukunamathela, ukuzinza kwemvelo, kanye nokuvumelana kwe-batch-to-batch kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
3. Ukuthembeka Ekukhiqizweni Okukhulu: Kusukela Ekulawuleni Ubukhulu Befilimu Kuya Ekuhambisaneni Kweqoqo
Ukufinyelela ukubonakaliswa okudingekayo kuyisisekelo sokwembozwa kwe-HUD optical. Uma sekusetshenziswe ezindaweni zezimoto, ukwembozwa kumele kugcine ukufana kuyo yonke indawo esebenzayo, kuhlale kuboshwe ngokuqinile ku-substrate, kumelane nezinguquko endaweni engaphakathi emotweni, futhi kunikeze ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-optical ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo.
Ukulawula Ubukhulu Befilimu Nokufana
Izimbozo ze-HUD ezibonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu zivame ukwakhiwa izendlalelo eziningi zezinto ezibonakalayo, ngayinye enobukhulu obuklanywe kahle. Ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane kakhulu ekujikeni kwesendlalelo ngasinye kungabangela izinguquko ekuboniseni ukukhanya, izici ze-spectral, noma umbala obonwayo. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokufakwa kanye nobukhulu besendlalelo ngasinye kumele kulawulwe ngokunembile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izibuko ze-HUD zingaba yizindawo eziqondile, ezigobile, noma ezikhululekile. Umehluko ebangeni kanye nokuma phakathi kwezifunda ezahlukene zomsebenzi kanye nomthombo wokubeka kungabangela kalula ukujiya kwefilimu okungalingani. Ukulinganisa kwephuzu elilodwa okuhlangabezana nencazelo akusho ukuthi yonke indawo iyafaneleka. Kuphela uma ukusatshalaliswa kwengubo kuhlala kufana endaweni esebenzayo ye-optical lapho umehluko wendawo ekusebenzeni kokukhanya ungancishiswa khona.
Ukunamathela kanye nokuzinza kwemvelo
Ukunamathela kwesikhathi eside kwengubo engaphansi kuhlobene kakhulu nokuhlanzeka kwengubo engaphansi, ukulungiswa kwendawo ngaphambi kokufakwa, kanye nobuningi befilimu. Ukuhlanza noma ukucubungula okunganele kunganciphisa amandla okunamathela futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuqhekekeni, ekuqhekekeni, noma ekuhlukaniseni. Uma ingubo ilukhuni ngokwanele noma ingavikelwe ngokwanele, izinkinga ezifana nomswakama kanye nokubola kwesikhumba zingase zibe khona.
Ukuhlanza okusizwa yi-ion kanye nokusebenza kwendawo, kuhlanganiswe nosizo lwe-ion ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ubuningi befilimu kanye nokunamathelana kwe-interfacial.
Izingxenye ze-HUD optical zivezwa elangeni, ekushiseni okukhiqizwa yimithombo yokukhanya, kanye nezinguquko ekushiseni nasekuswakameni ngesikhathi sesevisi. Ngemva kokuhlolwa okucacisiwe kwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokushisa okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, kanye nokushisa okumanzi, ingubo kumele ihlale iboshwe ngokuqinile, igcine izakhiwo zayo zokukhanya, futhi ihlale ingenazo iziphambeko ezibonakalayo. Lezi zici ziyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokuthembeka kwengubo yesikhathi eside.
Ukuvumelana kwe-Batch-to-Batch
Ekugcineni, zonke lezi zidingo zokusebenza kumele zihunyushwe ekukhiqizweni kwesisindo okuzinzile. Ukukhiqiza isampula efanelekile kungatholakala ngokulungiswa kwenqubo okuphindaphindiwe, kodwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo, ukwehluka kwezinga le-vacuum, isimo sethagethi, amandla okukhipha amanzi, ukugeleza kwegesi, kanye nokubekwa kwezingxenye zomsebenzi konke kungaletha ukwehluka kwe-batch-to-batch.
Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwesisindo, amapharamitha enqubo ebalulekile kudingeka afakwe ekuqapheni okuzenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezivaliwe, okuvumela inqubo yesampula efanelekile ukuthi iguqulwe ibe inqubo yokukhiqiza ezinzile nephindaphindwayo.
Ukulawula ukujiya kwefilimu okunembile, ukufana kokumboza, ukunamathela, ukuzinza kwemvelo, kanye nokuvumelana kwe-batch-to-batch konke kuncike ohlelweni lokumboza olusebenza kahle kanye nokulawula inqubo okunembile.
Njengoba ineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yesipiliyoni ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini yokumboza nge-vacuum, i-Zhenhua Vacuum ithuthukise i-GFM1916 Magnetron Sputtering Optical Coating System yokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza ngobuningi bezibuko ze-HUD, izibuko ezizimele, izingxenye zesembozo sengilazi, nezinye izingxenye ze-optical, ihlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwemishini yokumboza nge-optical esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi okuzinzile kwezingxenye ze-HUD.
4. Isixazululo Sokumboza se-Zhenhua Vacuum HUD — GFM1916 Magnetron Sputtering Optical Coating System
Izinzuzo Zemishini
1. Ukulawula Okuzenzakalelayo Ngokugcwele
Uhlelo lunezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela, ukusebenza okulula, kanye nokulawula inqubo okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, okusiza ekunciphiseni ukuncika komqhubi kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphindaphindeka kwenqubo.
2. Amandla Okulayisha Aphezulu kanye Nokukhiqiza Okuphezulu
Idizayini yesibambi somsebenzi esiyindilinga inikeza umthamo wokulayisha cishe kabili kunemishini evamile yokumboza umhwamuko we-electron-beam. Isekela amajiyometri ahlukahlukene womsebenzi futhi inikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezahlukene ze-optical.
3. Ukugqoka Okuphezulu
Uhlelo luhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokumboza be-PVD + CVD nohlelo olusizwa ngumthombo we-ion, olwenza kube nokumboza okuqinile, izici ze-refractive-index ezizinzile, kanye nokunamathela okuqinile. Izendlalelo ze-aluminium, i-dielectric, kanye ne-AF (anti-fingerprint) zingafakwa ngaphakathi komjikelezo wenqubo owodwa ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokumboza.
4. Ukulawula Ukumboza Okunembile
Uhlelo luhlonyiswe ngesistimu yokuqapha ikristalu yokulawula ukujiya kwefilimu okunembile, okunikeza ukuzinza okuphezulu kwenqubo kanye nokuphindaphindeka. Uhlelo lwe-SPEEDFLO oluvaliwe kanye nesistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo izinga lokufakwa kwe-SiO₂, okuvumela ukukhanya okubonakalayo okungaphezu kuka-90% futhi kuhlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-HUD optical.
Izicelo: Izingxenye ze-HUD optical, izingxenye zesembozo sengilazi, nezinye izingxenye ze-optical.
5. Isiphetho
Inani le-HUD optical coating aligcini nje ngokuthola isibalo esiphezulu sokukhanya. Inselele yangempela ukugcina ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-coating kuyo yonke indawo ephumelelayo ye-workpiece, ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimoto, kanye naphakathi kokukhiqizwa kwesisindo okuqhubekayo.
Kusukela ekulawuleni ukujiya kwefilimu, ukufana kokumboza, kanye nokunamathela kuya ekuthembekeni kwemvelo kanye nokuvumelana kwe-batch-to-batch, zonke izigaba zenqubo yokumboza zingagcina zithinte ukusebenza kwesibonisi kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
Ngezibuko ze-HUD, izibuko ezikhululekile, izingxenye zesembozo sengilazi, kanye neminye imikhiqizo ye-optical, i-Zhenhua Vacuum inganikeza ukucushwa kwemishini okuhambisanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, kanye nezinsizakalo zokuqinisekisa isampula ngokuya ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo, i-geometry yomsebenzi, ukwakheka kwe-coating yezendlalelo eziningi, kanye nezidingo zomthamo wokukhiqiza, okusiza amakhasimende ukuthi asuke ekuvivinyweni kwenqubo yokuqala aye ekukhiqizweni okuzinzile, okuphezulu.
-Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ngu umenzi wemishini yokumboza nge-vacuumI-Zhenhua Vacuum
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-21-2026