1. I-HUD iwunika njani uMqhubi umfanekiso ocacileyo?
Ngelixa uqhuba, ulwazi olufana nesantya sesithuthi, imiyalelo yokuhamba, kunye nezilumkiso zinokuvela ngqo kwindawo yokujonga yomqhubi. Eli lelona xabiso liqondakalayo le-HUD (Head-Up Display): umqhubi akufuneki ajonge phantsi kwiqela lezixhobo, evumela ingqalelo ebonakalayo ukuba ihlale igxile endleleni.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuhambisa umfanekiso ngqo kwindawo yokujonga yomqhubi kunzima kakhulu kunokufaka nje i-coating kwi-windshield. Ukukhanya okukhutshwa yiyunithi ye-projection kufuneka kudlule kwiinxalenye ezininzi ze-optical, ezifana nezipili ezigoqekayo kunye nezipili ezizimeleyo, eziqondisa kwaye zibumbe indlela ye-optical ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kubonakale ekugqibeleni yi-windshield emehlweni omqhubi.
Ukuba le ndlela yokukhanya inokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo nokhanyayo kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo noyilo lokukhanya, ukuchaneka komphezulu wesipili, kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezixhobo zokukhanya. Ukukhanya okunganelanga kubangela ukulahleka okuqhubekayo kokukhanya kwindlela yokukhanya, ekugqibeleni kunciphisa ukukhanya kunye nokubonakala kwesibonisi, ngakumbi phantsi kweemeko ezinamandla zokukhanya okungqongileyo.
Ukukhanya okuphezulu kufumaneka ngokubeka iingubo ezikhanyayo ezibonakalayo kumphezulu wezibuko ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-HUD.
2. Ukwaleka Okubonakalayo Kungaphezulu Kokuba “Kufakwe Umaleko We-Aluminiyam”
Xa kufikwa ekugqumeni umphezulu wesibuko, abantu abaninzi banokucinga ekuqaleni ukuba ukufaka umaleko omnye we-aluminiyam kwanele. Nangona kunjalo, ukugquma okubonakalisayo okusetyenziswa kwizipili zangaphakathi ze-HUD ngokubanzi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi. Ngokwesiqhelo basebenzisa isakhiwo esineengqimba ezininzi esidibanisa umaleko we-aluminiyam kunye neengqimba ze-dielectric. Umaleko we-aluminiyam ubonelela ngokukhanya okubonakalayo okuphezulu, ngelixa iingqimba ze-dielectric zikhusela umaleko wesinyithi kwaye zinokuphucula ngakumbi ukugquma ngaphakathi koluhlu lwamaza olujoliswe kuwo.
Kwizibuko zangaphakathi ze-HUD, ukukhanya okubonakalayo kudla ngokuba yilelwe ukuba kudlule i-90%, ngelixa ezinye iinkqubo zokugquma eziphuculweyo ezinokukhanya okuphezulu zinokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-95%. Ixabiso lokwenyani elijolise kulo lixhomekeke kububanzi bobude bomthombo wokukhanya, i-engile yokwenzeka, kunye noyilo olupheleleyo lwenkqubo ye-HUD. Ngoko ke akukho nkcazelo inye yokukhanya esebenzayo kuyo yonke imveliso ye-HUD.
Ukufezekisa ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu kufuna ukulungiswa okudibeneyo kwezinto zokugquma, uyilo lwe-multilayer, kunye neeparamitha zokubeka. Ukucoceka kwe-substrate, ukuqhubeka komaleko we-aluminiyam, uxinano lwamaleko e-dielectric, kunye nobukhulu bomaleko ngamnye ngamnye konke oku kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kokugqibela kwe-optical.
Ukufikelela kwixabiso eliphezulu lokubonakalisa kwindawo enye yokulinganisa kwisampuli enye akuyonto inzima kakhulu. Umngeni wokwenyani kukugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kokubonakalisa kulo lonke uluhlu lwamaza oyilo, kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo zokwenzeka, nakwindawo epheleleyo esebenzayo yomsebenzi, ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukuba ukusebenza kuhlala kuhambelana novavanyo lokusingqongileyo nakwimveliso ephezulu.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuhlangabezana nomgomo wokubonakalisa kuphela yimfuneko yokuqala yokufakelwa kwe-HUD optical coating. Nje ukuba ukufakwa kwe-coating kungene kwiimoto kunye nemveliso enkulu, ulawulo lobukhulu befilimu, ukufana kwe-coating, ukunamathela, uzinzo lokusingqongileyo, kunye nokuhambelana kwe-batch-to-batch kuba yinto ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo.
3. Ukuthembeka kwiMveliso yoBuninzi: Ukusuka kuLawulo loBungqingqwa beFilimu ukuya kuQondaniso lweBatch
Ukufezekisa ukubonakaliswa okufunekayo sisiseko se-HUD optical coating. Nje ukuba isetyenziswe kwiindawo zeemoto, upende kufuneka ugcine ukulingana kuyo yonke indawo esebenzayo, uhlale unamathele ngokuqinileyo kwi-substrate, umelane notshintsho kwindawo esemotweni, kwaye unikeze ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-optical ngexesha lokuveliswa okuqhubekayo.
Ulawulo loBungqingqwa beFilimu kunye nokuLungelelaniswa
Iingubo ze-HUD ezibonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu zihlala zenziwe ngamaleya amaninzi, nganye inobukhulu obuyilwe ngokuchanekileyo. Nokuba ukuphambuka okuncinci kubukhulu bomaleya ngamnye kunokubangela utshintsho ekubonakaliseni ukukhanya, iimpawu ze-spectral, okanye umbala obonwayo. Ke ngoko, izinga lokubekwa kunye nobukhulu bomaleya ngamnye kufuneka kulawulwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwangaxeshanye, izibuko ze-HUD zinokuba ziindawo ezicwangcisiweyo, ezigobileyo, okanye ezizimeleyo. Umahluko kumgama kunye nokujonga phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi kunye nomthombo wokubeka izinto kunokubangela ngokulula ubukhulu befilimu obungalinganiyo. Umlinganiselo wenqaku elinye ohlangabezana neemfuno akuthethi ukuba umphezulu wonke ufanelekile. Kuphela xa usasazo lwengubo luhlala lufana kulo lonke indawo esebenzayo ye-optical apho umahluko wendawo ekusebenzeni kokukhanya ungancitshiswa.
Ukunamathela kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo
Ukunamathelana kwexesha elide kwengubo kwi-substrate kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokucoceka kwengubo, ukulungiswa kwangaphambili komphezulu, kunye noxinano lwefilimu. Ukungacocwa okanye ukunyangwa ngokwaneleyo ngaphambi kokulungiswa kunokunciphisa amandla okunamathela kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele ekuqhekekeni, ekuxobukeni, okanye ekuqhekekeni. Ukuba ingubo ayixinene ngokwaneleyo okanye ayikhuselekanga ngokwaneleyo, iingxaki ezinje ngomkhenkce kunye ne-oxidation zinokubakho.
Ukucoca okuncediswa yi-ion kunye nokusebenza komphezulu, kunye noncedo lwe-ion ngexesha lokufakwa, kunokunceda ukuphucula uxinano lwefilimu kunye nokunamathelana phakathi kobuso.
Izinto ze-HUD optical zichatshazelwa lilanga, ubushushu obuveliswa zizinto ezikhanyayo, kunye notshintsho kubushushu kunye nokufuma ngexesha lenkonzo. Emva kovavanyo oluthile lokusingqongileyo, oluquka uvavanyo lobushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphantsi, kunye nobushushu obumanzi, i-coating kufuneka ihlale ibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo, igcine iipropati zayo zokukhanya, kwaye ihlale ingenaziphene ezibonakalayo. Ezi zinto ziyimpawu ezibalulekileyo zokuthembeka kwe-coating yexesha elide.
Ukungaguquguquki kweBatch-to-Batch
Ekugqibeleni, zonke ezi mfuno zokusebenza kufuneka ziguqulelwe kwimveliso yobunzima obuzinzileyo. Ukuvelisa isampulu efanelekileyo kunokufezekiswa ngokulungiswa kwenkqubo okuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa ngexesha lokuvelisa okuqhubekayo, utshintsho kwinqanaba le-vacuum, imeko ekujoliswe kuyo, amandla okutshiza, ukuhamba kwegesi, kunye nokubekwa kwindawo yokusebenza konke oku kunokungenisa ukuphambuka kwebhetshi ukuya kwibhetshi.
Ke ngoko, ngexesha lokuveliswa kobuninzi, iiparameter zenkqubo ezibalulekileyo kufuneka zifakwe kwiinkqubo zokubeka esweni ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo oluvaliweyo, okuvumela inkqubo yesampulu efanelekileyo ukuba iguqulwe ibe yinkqubo yemveliso ezinzileyo nephindaphindwayo.
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobukhulu befilimu, ukufana kwengubo, ukunamathela, uzinzo lokusingqongileyo, kunye nokuhambelana kwebhetshi nebhetshi konke kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yengubo enentsebenzo ezinzileyo kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo.
Ngamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 kwi-R&D kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo zokugquma nge-vacuum, i-Zhenhua Vacuum iphuhlise i-GFM1916 Magnetron Sputtering Optical Coating System yophuhliso lwenkqubo kunye neemfuno zokuveliswa ngobuninzi kwezibuko ze-HUD, izibuko ezizimeleyo, izixhobo zokugquma iglasi, kunye nezinye iindawo ezibonakalayo, inika inkxaso yezixhobo zokugquma nge-optical esebenza kakuhle kunye nokuveliswa ngobuninzi okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo ze-HUD.
4. Isisombululo sokugquma i-Zhenhua Vacuum HUD — GFM1916 Magnetron Sputtering Optical Coating System
Iingenelo zezixhobo
1. Ulawulo Oluzenzekelayo Ngokupheleleyo
Le nkqubo inezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, ukusebenza okulula, kunye nolawulo oluzenzekelayo lwenkqubo, inceda ekunciphiseni ukuxhomekeka kwabaqhubi kunye nokuphucula ukuphindaphinda kwenkqubo.
2. Umthamo ophezulu wokulayisha kunye nomphumo ophezulu wemveliso
Uyilo lwesibambi somsebenzi esisilinda lubonelela ngomthamo wokulayisha ophindwe kabini kunowezixhobo zokugquma umphunga ze-electron-beam eziqhelekileyo. Luxhasa iijometri ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi kwaye lubonelela ngokuguquguquka okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-optical.
3. Ukwaleka okuSebenzayo okuPhezulu
Le nkqubo idibanisa ubuchwepheshe bokugquma be-PVD + CVD kunye nenkqubo encediswa ngumthombo we-ion, ivumela ukugquma okuxineneyo, iimpawu ezizinzileyo ze-refractive-index, kunye nokunamathela okuqinileyo. Iileya ze-aluminium, i-dielectric, kunye ne-AF (anti-fingerprint) zinokufakwa ngaphakathi komjikelo wenkqubo enye ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yokugquma.
4. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokugquma
Le nkqubo ixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokujonga iikristale yokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubukhulu befilimu, inika uzinzo oluphezulu lwenkqubo kunye nokuphindaphinda. Inkqubo ye-SPEEDFLO evaliweyo kunye nenkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ziphucula ngokufanelekileyo izinga lokubekwa kwe-SiO₂, zivumela ukukhanya okubonakalayo okungaphezulu kwe-90% kwaye zihlangabezana neemfuno ezifunekayo zezicelo ze-HUD optical.
Izicelo: Izixhobo ze-HUD optical, izixhobo zeglasi, kunye nezinye iindawo ze-optical.
5. Isiphelo
Ixabiso le-HUD optical coating aliko nje ukufezekisa umfanekiso ophezulu wokukhanya. Umngeni wokwenyani kukugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-coating kuyo yonke indawo esebenzayo yesixhobo somsebenzi, phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zemotor okusingqongileyo, nakwimveliso eqhubekayo yobuninzi.
Ukususela kulawulo lobukhulu befilimu, ukufana kwengubo, kunye nokunamathela ukuya kukuthembeka kwendalo kunye nokuhambelana kwebhetshi ukuya kwibhetshi, inqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo yengubo ekugqibeleni linokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesibonisi kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ngobuninzi.
Kwizipili ze-HUD, izipili ezizimeleyo, izinto ezigubungela iglasi, kunye nezinye iimveliso ze-optical, i-Zhenhua Vacuum inokubonelela ngoqwalaselo lwezixhobo oluhambelanayo, uphuhliso lwenkqubo, kunye neenkonzo zokuqinisekisa isampuli ngokwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-substrate, i-workpiece geometry, uyilo lwe-multilayer coating, kunye neemfuno zomthamo wemveliso, ukunceda abathengi basuke kwizilingo zokuqala zenkqubo baye kwimveliso ezinzileyo, enomthamo ophezulu.
-Eli nqaku lipapashwe ngu umenzi wezixhobo zokugquma nge-vacuumI-Zhenhua Vacuum
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-21-2026