Vacuum ion zokutira (zomwe zimatchedwa ion plating) ndi United States mu 1963 kampani ya Somdia DM Mattox ikufuna, zaka za m'ma 1970 zakhala chitukuko chofulumira chaukadaulo watsopano wamankhwala. Zimatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito gwero la evaporation kapena chandamale cha sputtering pamalo opanda mpweya kuti filimuyo ...
Kuyang'anizana ndi kukula kwa filimuyi kumakhudza kwambiri. Ngati pamwamba roughness wa gawo lapansi ndi lalikulu, ndipo mochulukira pamodzi ndi pamwamba zilema, izo zimakhudza ubwenzi ndi kukula mlingo wa filimuyi. Chifukwa chake, zokutira za vacuum zisanayambe, gawo lapansi likhala lisanachitike ...