Chiyambi cha Zosefera Kachitidwe - Mutu 1

Zosefera za magwiridwe antchito ndizofunikira zofotokozera za kusefa m'chinenero chomwe chimatha kumveka bwino ndi opanga makina, ogwiritsa ntchito, opanga zosefera, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zina wopanga fyuluta amalemba zomwe zimayendera malinga ndi momwe fyulutayo ikuyendera. Nthawi zina amalembedwa ndi wopanga zosefera kutengera momwe fyulutayo ingakwaniritsire, mwina kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, kapena kalozera wazinthu zomwe sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito momveka bwino, zomaliza zomwe sitidzakambirana pano. Nthawi zambiri, machitidwe amachitidwe nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ndi wopanga dongosolo.

Kuti apeze zomwe akufuna kuchokera kudongosolo, wopanga amafotokoza momwe fyuluta imafunikira mu metric. Polemba metric yotere, funso loyamba lomwe liyenera kuyankhidwa ndilakuti: Kodi fyuluta imagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani? Cholinga cha fyuluta chiyenera kufotokozedwa momveka bwino, ndipo ichi chidzakhala maziko a zolembazo. Palibe njira yokhazikika yofotokozera tsatanetsatane wa magwiridwe antchito. Nthawi zina machitidwe a dongosolo lomwe fyulutayo imayikidwapo iyenera kukhala pamlingo winawake, apo ayi sipadzakhalanso kuyang'ana mu kufotokozera kwina. Zofunikira pakuchita kwa fyuluta ziyenera kuzindikirika mosavuta, koma nthawi zambiri si ntchito yophweka. Palibe zofunikira mtheradi pakuchita; ntchito iyenera kukhala yokwera momwe zovuta kapena mtengo wothekera umalola. Pankhaniyi, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito zosefera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo magwiridwe ake ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi mtengo wake, zovuta zake, komanso kuthekera kopanga ziganizo pazomwe zili zomveka. Metric yomaliza idzakhala kusagwirizana pakati pa zomwe zikufunika ndi zomwe zingatheke. Izi nthawi zambiri zimafuna kulowetsedwa kwa chidziwitso chochuluka cha mapangidwe ndi kupanga, ndi kulankhulana kwapafupi pakati pa wogwiritsa ntchito ndi wopanga. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti zomwe sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira ndizongofuna maphunziro. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tione mwachidule vutoli: momwe tingapezere mzere wa spectral mu spectrum yosalekeza. Mwachiwonekere, fyuluta yocheperako ikufunika, koma ndi bandwidth ndi mtundu wanji wa fyuluta yomwe ikufunika? Mphamvu ya mzere wowoneka bwino woperekedwa ndi fyuluta imadalira makamaka kufalikira kwake (poganiza kuti malo okwera kwambiri a fyuluta amatha kusinthidwa nthawi zonse ku mzere wowonekera pavuto), pomwe mphamvu ya chiwonetsero chopitilira chimadalira gawo lonse lomwe lili pansi pa piritsi la transmittance, kuphatikiza chigawo cha kutalika kwa mawonekedwe kutali ndi pachimake. Kuchepa kwa passband, kumapangitsa kusiyana pakati pa harmonic continuum ndi mosalekeza, makamaka pamene passband imakhala yocheperapo, yomwe nthawi zambiri imawonjezera cutoff. Komabe, ndipang'onopang'ono chiphasocho, chidzakhala chokwera mtengo kwambiri kupanga, popeza kuchepetsedwa kwa passband kumawonjezera zovuta kupanga; ndipo ipangitsanso kuti chiŵerengero chovomerezeka chikhale chachikulu, chifukwa chimawonjezera chidwi cha optical noncollimation. Mfundo yotsirizira apa ikutanthauza kuti pa malo omwewo, bandwidth yochepetsetsa ya fyuluta iyenera kukhala yokulirapo, kotero kuti chiŵerengero chokulirapo chikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma izi zidzawonjezera zovuta kupanga ndi zovuta za dongosolo lonse. Njira imodzi yosinthira magwiridwe antchito a fyuluta ndikuwonjezera kutsetsereka kwa passband koma kukhalabe ndi bandwidth yomweyi. Maonekedwe a rectangular passband ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kuposa fyuluta yosavuta ya Fabry-Perot yokhala ndi theka-lalifupi, ndipo passband ili ndi mwayi wowonjezera kuti chodulacho kuchokera pachimake chosefera chimakhalanso chokulirapo. Kufotokozera kutsetsereka kwa m'mphepete mwa 1/10 bandwidth kapena 1/100 bandwidth kungadziwike. Apanso, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala movutikira komanso mokwera mtengo kupanga.

-Nkhaniyi yatulutsidwa ndiwopanga makina opangira vacuumGuangdong Zhenhua