isingeniso:
Ezweni lobunjiniyela obuphezulu bomphezulu, i-Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) ivela njengendlela esetshenziswayo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuqina kwezinto ezahlukahlukene. Wake wazibuza ukuthi le ndlela yesimanje isebenza kanjani? Namuhla, sihlola indlela eyinkimbinkimbi ye-PVD, sinikeza ukuqonda okuphelele kokusebenza kwayo kanye nezinzuzo ezinikezayo. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kwe-PVD kanye nokubaluleka kwayo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuqonda i-PVD:
Ukufakwa komoya ohlanzekile, okwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-PVD, kuyindlela yokufakwa kwefilimu encane ehilela ukudlulisa ama-athomu noma ama-molecule kusuka emthonjeni oqinile aye endaweni ethile ngezindlela ezibonakalayo. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zomphezulu wezinto ezahlukahlukene, njengezinsimbi, amapulasitiki, izinto zobumba, nokuningi. Inqubo ye-PVD yenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ze-vacuum, ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa okunembile kokwakheka kwamafilimu amancane.
Inqubo ye-PVD:
Inqubo ye-PVD ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko: ukulungiswa, ukuhwamuka, ukufakwa, kanye nokukhula. Ake sihlole isigaba ngasinye ngokuningiliziwe.
1. Ukulungiselela:
Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokufaka, izinto ezizogqokwa zihlanzwa ngokucophelela. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisekisa ukuthi indawo ayinazo izinto ezingcolisayo, njengamafutha, izendlalelo ze-oxide, noma izinhlayiya zangaphandle, ezingase zivimbele ukunamathela. Indawo ehlanzekile ibalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukugqokwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezinto.
2. Ukuhwamuka:
Kulesi sigaba, izinto ezisetshenziswa ukwakha isembozo, ezibizwa ngokuthi izinto zomthombo, ziyahwamuka. Izinto zomthombo zifakwa ekamelweni le-vacuum, lapho zifakwa khona amandla okushisa alawulwayo noma okukhanya kwe-electron. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-athomu noma ama-molecule avela ezintweni zomthombo ayahwamuka, kwakha i-flux.
3. Ukubekwa esikhundleni:
Uma izinto eziwumthombo sezipheshukile, umusi uhamba ngegumbi le-vacuum bese ufika ebusweni be-substrate. I-substrate, ngokuvamile izinto ezizogqokwa, ibekwe eduze komthombo womusi. Kuleli qophelo, izinhlayiya zomusi zithinta ubuso be-substrate, okuholela ekubekweni kwefilimu encane.
4. Ukukhula:
Njengoba i-athomu noma i-molecule ngayinye ifika ku-substrate, ifilimu encane ikhula kancane kancane. Ukuguquguquka kwale nqubo yokukhula kungasetshenziswa ngokulungisa amapharamitha afana nesikhathi sokufakwa, izinga lokushisa, kanye nengcindezi. La mapharamitha avumela ukulawula ukujiya kwefilimu, ukufana, kanye nokwakheka kwayo, ekugcineni kuholele ezimpahleni ezilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-29-2023